日本における天気予報の歴史と現状

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  • 日本の天気予報は100年以上の歴史があります。1884年に東京の警察ボックスに初めて公開されました。
  • 天気予報は風速、水蒸気、大気圧などのデータを収集し、それを地域に送信しています。現在、ほとんどの天気予報はコンピュータ化されています。
  • 天気予報は農業、航空機パイロット、船長、漁師など、経済に重要です。日本では民間企業も天気予報に参入しています。
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  • ベストアンサー

英文の和訳をお願いします。

できるだけ、極端な意訳はなしで訳していただけると助かります。 スペルには注意しましたが、もしあったらすみません。 お願い致します。  Weather forecasting is the science of predicting what the weather will be like―weather we can expect rain, snow or sunny day. In japan, it goes back over 100 years. The first public weather forecast was posted in police boxes in Tokyo on June 1, 1884. Today, the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) is largely responsible for weather prediction.  Weather forecasting is a very complicated process, involving short‐range and long‐range forecasts. This is accomplished by collecting data on such factors as wind speed, water vapor and atmospheric pressure. These data are gathered mainly from satellites and from meteorological centers around the world. The data is then studied and processed and sent to local areas in the form of forecasts. Most weather forecasting these days is computerized.  Weather prediction is obviously vital for the economy. Farmers, airplane pilots, ship captains, fisherman all have to know what kind of weather to expect in order to do their jobs and make their contributions to the economy.  Whether forecasting is a service industry, which means that it does not sell a product, as department stores do, but gives out information and knowledge. It does the same type of thing that an engineering consulting firm does, for example.  Weather forecasting is undergoing many changes in Japan. In 1994, special tests for people who want to be weather forecasters were introduced. On May 18, 1995, the Japanese government liberalized the field, which means that private companies can now engage in weather forecasting. While the JMA is still largely responsible for Japan´s weather forecasting, more and more private companies are entering this new business, which can be very profitable. Foe example, one company specializes in providing data to private individuals such as golfers and tourists. For a certain fee, customers can call up and get information over the telephone on what the weather will be like.  The main difference between JMA and private companies is that, as a rule, private companies specialize in predicting weather in very small areas, such as around a golf course, or at the site of a soccer game, whereas the JMA looks after far larger areas. In other words, private companies concentrate on areas that are of interest to more specialized groups.  以上です。

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  • ベストアンサー
  • sayshe
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回答No.1

天気予報とは、天気がどのようになるかーすなわち、雨、雪、晴天を我々が期待できるかどうか、を予測する科学です。日本では、それ(天気予報)は100年以上前にさかのぼります。最初の公的な天気予報は、1884年6月1日に東京の交番の中に掲示されました。今日では、気象庁(JMA)が、主に天気予報に対する責任を負っています。 天気予報は、短期、長期の予報を含む、非常に複雑なプロセスです。これは、風速、水蒸気、気圧のような要因に関するデータを集めることによって、達成されます。これらのデータは、主に衛星と世界中の気象センターから集められます。それから、それらのデータは研究され、処理されて、予報の形でそれぞれの地域に送られます。ほとんどの天気予報は、この頃では、コンピュータ化されています。 天気予報は、明らかに、経済にとって不可欠です。農民、飛行機のパイロット、船の船長、漁師、みんなが、彼らの仕事をこなし、経済に貢献するためには、どの様な天気を予想すべきかを知らなくてはなりません。 天気予報は、サービス産業です、そして、それは、百貨店の様に製品を売るのではなくて、情報や知識を公表すると言う意味です。たとえば、それ(天気予報)は、エンジニアリング・コンサルティング会社がするのと同じタイプのことを行っています。 天気予報は、日本では、多くの変化を経験しています。1994年には、気象予報士になりたい人々に対する特別な試験が、導入されました。1995年5月18日に、日本政府はその分野を自由化しました。そして、それは私企業が、現在では、天気予報に参入することができることを意味しています。JMAがまだ主に日本の天気予報に対して責任を持っていますが、ますます多くの私企業が、この新たなビジネスに参入してきています、と言うのは、それが、非常に利益をもたらす可能性があるからです。 たとえば、ある会社は、ゴルフをする人は観光客の様な、個人にデータを提供することを専門としています。一定料金で、顧客は、電話をして、天気がどの様になるかと言う情報を得ることができます。 JMAと私企業の主な違いは、概して、私企業は、ゴルフコース周辺やサッカー競技場の様な、非常に狭い地域の天気を予報することを専門とし、JMAは、はるかに広域を担当するということです。言い換えると、私企業は、より専門化した集団にとって興味深い地域に集中すると言うことです。

a0itone
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お礼

回答、ありがとうございます。 大体の大まかな意味は合っていましたが、難しい単語が多く、苦労しました。 単語の意味も一つではなく、幾つかあり、文に合う意味を選ぶのに慣れなかったりします。 その都度その都度、理解するようにしてみます。 ありがとうございました。

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