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The first court to hear cases and deliver sentences solely for children , however, was established in 1899 in Chicago. andがどことどこをつなげているか分かりません。 The first court to hear casesが主語で、andのすぐ後のdeliverが動詞？ どうにも分からずに困っております。 教えてください。
- medolusanonamida
- お礼率12% (104/816)
- 英語
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こんにちは。10／28のご質問以来ですね。 ご質問： ＜andで困る＞ おっしゃる通り、andは意外と厄介な接続詞なのです。語、句、節、文、実に大小いろいろな接続をします。 １．andを使いこなすポイントは、andの「等位接続詞」という性質に注目することです。 ２．andは、語と語、句と句、節と節など、同じ「位」の働きを「等位」に接続します。 ３．従って、品詞でも、名詞と名詞、副詞と副詞、というように、同じ働きの品詞同士を接続します。 ４．では、どの品詞同士を接続しているかを見分けるにはどうすればいいか。それはまず、andの後にある語を見ます。 ５．ご質問文では、andの後にdeliverという動詞がきています。従って、このandはこの「動詞」と、その前にある「動詞」を等位接続していることがわかります。 ６．andの前にある唯一の動詞、それはhearになります。hearはcasesという目的語を携えて「審理をする」という動詞＋目的語の動詞句になっています。 ７．すると、and以降の動詞＋目的語という同じ働きをする動詞句、つまりdeliver sentences「判決を下す」という動詞句と等位接続になっていることがわかるのです。 ８．つまり、A and BのA＝deliver sentencesで、B＝deliver sentencesとなり、solely for children「子供のためだけに」という前置詞句は、A、B両方の動詞句にかかるということになります。 ９．では何故andの後にto不定詞がないのかというと、solely for children「子供のためだけに」という前置詞句がA、B両方の動詞句にかかっているためです。 つまり、この前置詞句solely for childrenがA、B２つの動詞句にかかることを示すために、to不定詞をひとつだけにして、２つの動詞句をまとめる働きをしているのです。 １０．もしto不定詞が２つあると、同じ意味にするためには、前置詞句を重複しなくてはなりません。 例： to hear cases and deliver sentences solely for children ＝to hear cases solely for children and to deliver sentences solely for children これは、to不定詞はその修飾部を全てまとめて引き受ける役割があるからです。つまり、to hear cases andとしてしまうと、toの及ぶ範囲がcasesまでとなってしまい、solely for childrenとは無関係になってしまうのです。 １１．ここでは、前置詞句solely for childrenの反復を避けるために、to不定詞を一つだけ置いて、A、Bの動詞＋目的語だけをまとめているのです。 １２．そしてA and B＋前置詞句をまとめるto不定詞は、前の名詞The first court にかかる形容詞的用法の不定詞として働いているのです。 １３．つまり、The first court～for childrenまでは、動詞句で形容修飾された名詞として、主文全体の主語になっているのです。 １４．その動詞はwas established「設立された」という受け身の動詞になります。 １５．ちなみに、howeverは「しかしながら」という文と文を等位接続する接続詞で、文頭、文中、文末にくることができ、同じ意味になります。 １６．以上を踏まえて訳例は （直訳）「しかしながら、子供のためだけに、審理をしたり判決を下すための、最初の法廷は、1899年シカゴに設立された」 → （意訳）「しかしついに、児童に限定して審理や判決を行う最初の法廷が、1899年シカゴに設立された」 ぐらいになります。 以上ご参考までに。
その他の回答 (3)
- mabomk
- ベストアンサー率40% (1414/3521)
The first court to hear cases and deliver sentences solely for children , however, was established in 1899 in Chicago. こうする(分解)と判り易くなります。 However,the first court 1) to hear cases 2) and 3) to deliver sentences solely for children, 4) was established in 1899 in Chicago. 3) の「to」は共通項として自動的に省略されています。
- wind-sky-wind
- ベストアンサー率63% (6647/10387)
The first court to hear cases and deliver sentences solely for children のように，不定詞の原形 hear ～と deliver ～が and でつながれています。 といっても，to hear ～ and to deliver ということでなく， hear cases and deliver ～のように「審理をして判決を下す」で一連の動作となっています。 to (hear cases and deliver ～） この不定詞は court を修飾する形容詞用法です。 そして，the first court が主語となり，was established という述語につながっていきます。
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なるほどー ありがとうございました
- windbass10
- ベストアンサー率16% (18/107)
The first court was established in 1899 in Chicago.が、文の骨格です。 to hear cases and deliver sentences solely for children は、The first court の形容詞節。 The first court to hear cases solely for childrenで、子供のためだけに事件を審理する最初の法廷が設立された。 The first court to deliver sentences solely for childrenで、子供のためだけに判決を下す最初の法廷が設立された。 二つに分けると The first court to hear cases solely for children was established in 1899 in Chicago. The first court deliver sentences solely for children was established in 1899 in Chicago. となります。
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- 英語
- 英文を訳してほしいです。
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- ベストアンサー
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- 英文を日本語訳して下さい。
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ものすごく分かりやすかったです！！ 学校とかの先生よりかなり分かりやすくて、ほんとにありがとうございました！！