人間の本性と変化

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  • 人間の本性は変わらないと言える。歴史が短すぎて変化が感じられないためである。
  • 最も古い芸術作品や文学作品は今でも理解できる。それらの中には非凡な芸術的優れさが認められるものもある。
  • 人間の感情や本能だけでなく、知的な力や想像力も遠い昔から今と同じであったことが証明されている。
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構文分析よろしくお願い致します

Human nature does not change, or, at any rate, history is too short for any changes to be perceptible. The earliest known specimens of art and literature are still comprehensible.The fact that we can understand them all and can recognize in some of them an unsurpassed artistic excellence is proof enough that not only men's feelings and instincts, but also their intellectual and imaginative powers,were in the remotest times precisely what they are now. できるだけ、丁寧に解説して下さると嬉しいです。 よろしくお願い致しますm(_ _)m

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  • Nakay702
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回答No.1

いつもの方法で、以下のとおりお答えします。 >Human nature does not change, or, at any rate, history is too short for any changes to be perceptible. 「人間の本性は変わらない、というか、とにかく歴史が短すぎて、変化が感じられないのである。」 ⇒S(Human nature) V(does not change), Conj.(or), M(at any rate), S(history) V(is) C(too short) M(for any changes to be perceptible). *接続詞Conj.(or)「あるいは、言い換えれば」は、S(Human nature) V(does not change)「人間の本性は変わらない」と S(history) V(is) C(too short) M(for any changes to be perceptible)「歴史が短すぎて変化が感じられない」とをつないでいます。S(history) V(is) C(too short) M(for any changes to be perceptible) の部分を直訳すれば、「変化が感じられるためには歴史は短すぎる」となります。any changesが to be perceptibleの意味上の主語です。 >The earliest known specimens of art and literature are still comprehensible. 「認知されている最古の芸術や文学の標本は、今でも理解できるものである。」 ⇒S(The earliest known specimens) Adj.M(of art and literature) V(are) C(still comprehensible). *S(The earliest known specimens)は「最古の認知されている標本」、V(are) C(still comprehensible)は「今でも理解できる」で、副詞still「今なお」が形容詞comprehensible「理解可能な」を修飾しています。 >The fact that we can understand them all and can recognize in some of them an unsurpassed artistic excellence is proof enough that not only men's feelings and instincts, but also their intellectual and imaginative powers, were in the remotest times precisely what they are now. 「我々がその(標本の)すべてを理解することができ、その中のいくつかにこの上ない芸術性を認めることができるという事実は、人間の感情や本能だけでなく知的能力や想像力が、最も遠い時代においても現在と全く同じであったことの十分な証拠である。」 ⇒S(The fact) Ap.Cl.{Conj.1(that) S(we) V(can understand) O(them all) Conj.2(and) V(can recognize) M(in some of them) O(an unsurpassed artistic excellence)} V(is) C(proof enough) Ap.Cl.{Conj.3(that) S[not only men's feelings Conj.4(and) instincts, Conj.5(but) also their intellectual Conj.6(and) imaginative powers], V(were) M(in the remotest times precisely) C[Rel.(what) S(they) V/M(are now)]}. *S(The fact) Ap.Cl.{Conj.1(that) ~}は、「~という事実」という同格関係を示します。…V(is) C(proof enough) Ap.Cl.{Conj.3(that) ~}も、「…は~という十分な証拠である」という同格関係を示します。Conj.2(and) は、S(we) V(can understand) O(them all)「我々はその(標本の)すべてを理解することができる」と、V(can recognize) M(in some of them) O(an unsurpassed artistic excellence)「その中のいくつかにこの上ない芸術性を認めることができる」とをつないでいます。つまり、S(The fact) ~「~という事実」との同格関係に立つ節が二つあるわけです。Conj.5(but) は、S[not only men's feelings Conj.4(and) instincts「人間の感情や本能だけでなく」とtheir intellectual Conj.6(and) imaginative powers「彼ら(人間)の知的能力や想像力もまた」とをつないでいます。この全体が、not only ~ but also …「~だけでなく…も」という接続詞句の中に取り込まれて一つにまとまり、V(were)「~であった」に対する主部を構成しています。なお、言うまでもなく、Conj.4(and) はmen's feelingsとinstinctsを、Conj.6(and) はtheir intellectualとimaginative powersをそれぞれ結んでいます。~ V(were) M(in the remotest times precisely) C[Rel.(what) S(they) V/M(are now)「~(人間の感情や本能と知的能力や想像力)が、最も遠い時代においても全く現在そうであるところのもの(と同じ)であった」では、独立関係節C[Rel.(what) S(they) V/M(are now)]「現在そうであるところのもの」がV(were)の補語としての役を担っています。

eigo0123
質問者

お礼

ありがとうございました。 よく理解することが出来ました。

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