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質問

The Lone Pine battlefield was named for a solitary Turkish pine that stood there at the start of the fighting; The tree was also known by the Anzac soldiers as the "Lonesome Pine", and both names are likely to have been inspired by the popular song "The Trail of the Lonesome Pine". The battlefield was situated near the centre of the eastern line of the Australian and New Zealand trenches around Anzac Cove on a rise known as "400 Plateau" that joined "Bolton's Ridge" to the south with the ridge along the east side of "Monash Valley" to the north. Being towards the southern end of the area around Anzac Cove, the terrain in the Lone Pine region was comparatively gentle and the opposing trenches were separated some distance with a flat no-man's land intervening. Due to its location relative to the beachhead and the shape of the intervening ground, Lone Pine's importance lay in the fact that its position provided a commanding view of the Australian and New Zealand rear areas. From the 400 Plateau it was possible to observe as far south as Gaba Tepe and its possession would have afforded the Ottomans the ability to place the approaches to the Second Ridge under fire, preventing the flow of reinforcements and supplies from the beachhead to the forward trenches. The main part of the Australian position at Lone Pine was centred on a feature known as "The Pimple", where a salient had developed at the point where the Australians' position was closest to the Ottoman line. To the east of the salient, opposite The Pimple, the Ottoman line extended from the head of a gully—known as "Owen's Gulley" by the Australians—south for 400 yards (370 m) towards the neck of Bolton's Ridge and continued south along a spur called "Sniper's Ridge". Because of the salient around The Pimple, the Ottomans had focused on developing the trenches along the flanks of the position more than the centre, and had placed the firing positions in the centre in depth in order to gain the advantage of being able to pour enfilade fire upon any attacking force. At the rear of the Ottoman line, near Owen's Gully, was a depression called "The Cup" that was not visible from the Australians' position on The Pimple. Despite overflights of the area by British reconnaissance aircraft in June, the Australians were unaware of The Cup's existence, and at the time of the attack they believed this area to be flat and to consist of further trench lines. In reality it was actually a reserve area where the Ottomans had established a regimental headquarters and sited a series of bivouacs in terraces and at the time of the attack there were large numbers of reinforcements camped there.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The Lone Pine battlefield was named for a solitary Turkish pine that stood there at the start of the fighting; The tree was also known by the Anzac soldiers as the "Lonesome Pine", and both names are likely to have been inspired by the popular song "The Trail of the Lonesome Pine". The battlefield was situated near the centre of the eastern line of the Australian and New Zealand trenches around Anzac Cove on a rise known as "400 Plateau" that joined "Bolton's Ridge" to the south with the ridge along the east side of "Monash Valley" to the north.
⇒ローン・パインの戦場は、戦闘開始の時そこに１本だけ立っていたトルコ松にちなんで名付けられた。この木はアンザックの兵士からは「孤独の松」とも呼ばれ、どちらの名前も人気曲「孤独の松のある歩道」から発想を得たものと思われる。この戦場は、アンザック小湾周辺にあるオーストラリア-ニュージーランド軍塹壕の東戦線の中央部付近の高台にあった。それは「400番高原」として知られる高台で、「モナッシュ渓谷」東側に沿って北上して「ボルトン山稜」の南で合流していた。
※この段落、誤訳があるかも知れませんが、その節はどうぞ悪しからず。

＞Being towards the southern end of the area around Anzac Cove, the terrain in the Lone Pine region was comparatively gentle and the opposing trenches were separated some distance with a flat no-man's land intervening. Due to its location relative to the beachhead and the shape of the intervening ground, Lone Pine's importance lay in the fact that its position provided a commanding view of the Australian and New Zealand rear areas.
⇒ローン・パイン地域の地形は、アンザック小湾周辺の南端に向かっているため比較的穏やかで、向かい合った塹壕には平坦な中間地帯が介在して、少し離れている。沿岸橋頭堡との相対的な位置とその間にある地盤の形状によって、ローン・パインの重要性はオーストラリア-ニュージーランド軍の後部地域に見晴らしを提供するという事実にあった。

＞From the 400 Plateau it was possible to observe as far south as Gaba Tepe and its possession would have afforded the Ottomans the ability to place the approaches to the Second Ridge under fire, preventing the flow of reinforcements and supplies from the beachhead to the forward trenches. The main part of the Australian position at Lone Pine was centred on a feature known as "The Pimple", where a salient had developed at the point where the Australians' position was closest to the Ottoman line.
⇒400番高地から、ガバ・テペとその保持地まで観測できるため、オスマン軍は「第2山稜」への進入路を攻撃下に置くことができ、沿岸橋頭堡から前方の塹壕への増援や補給品の流れを防ぐことができた。ローン・パインにおけるオーストラリア軍陣地の主要部分は、オーストラリア軍陣地がオスマン軍戦線に最も近い地点で展開した、「ニキビ」として知られる突出部の特区に集中していた。

＞To the east of the salient, opposite The Pimple, the Ottoman line extended from the head of a gully—known as "Owen's Gulley" by the Australians—south for 400 yards (370 m) towards the neck of Bolton's Ridge and continued south along a spur called "Sniper's Ridge". Because of the salient around The Pimple, the Ottomans had focused on developing the trenches along the flanks of the position more than the centre, and had placed the firing positions in the centre in depth in order to gain the advantage of being able to pour enfilade fire upon any attacking force.
⇒突出部の東側、「ニキビ」の反対側にあるオスマン軍戦線は、峡谷の源流部 ―オーストラリア軍には「オーエンの峡谷」として知られる― からボルトン山稜の峡部に向かって南へ400ヤード（370 m）伸び、「狙撃手の山稜」の山脚に沿って南へ続いていた。「ニキビ」の周りの突出部（の存在）ゆえに、オスマン軍は、陣地の中心部よりむしろ側面に沿って塹壕を開発することに集中し、いかなる攻撃軍団に対しても砲火射撃を浴びせることができるという利点を得るため、中心部に砲火基点を配置していた。

＞At the rear of the Ottoman line, near Owen's Gully, was a depression called "The Cup" that was not visible from the Australians' position on The Pimple. Despite overflights of the area by British reconnaissance aircraft in June, the Australians were unaware of The Cup's existence, and at the time of the attack they believed this area to be flat and to consist of further trench lines. In reality it was actually a reserve area where the Ottomans had established a regimental headquarters and sited a series of bivouacs in terraces and at the time of the attack there were large numbers of reinforcements camped there.
⇒オーエン峡谷近くのオスマン軍戦線後部に、オーストラリア軍の「ニキビ」の陣地からは見えない「カップ」と呼ばれる窪地があった。6月に英国の偵察機がこの地域を飛行していたにもかかわらず、オーストラリア軍は「カップ」の存在に気づかず、攻撃の際この地域は平坦で、続く塹壕戦線（だけ）で構成されていると考えていた。実際には、それはオスマン軍が連隊本部を設立し、台地に一連の露営施設を配置した予備地域であり、そこには攻撃の際多数の援軍が駐留していたのである。

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