Parental Duties and Cultural Differences in Parental Approval of Marriage
- In India, it is considered a duty to be by a dying parent's bedside, while in the United States, the parent may be placed in a nursing home.
- Grassy areas in Germany are considered a community concern, and people may take action against those who walk on them.
- In individualistic cultures like the United States, individuals can marry someone regardless of parental disapproval, while in collectivist cultures, the approval of the families is crucial.
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In India, the senior engineer feels he must stay close to his parents and that New York is simply too far. If his father were dying, it would be the engineer's duty to be at his bedside and ease his passage to the other state. In Under similar conditions in the United States, it is more likely that the parent would be placed in a nursing home. The parent and his son have their own lives and are independent beings. Germany. though overall quite individualistic, is also collectivist in certain respects. The German episode is illustrative of collectivist behavior. Walking on hard-to-grow grassy areas is a community concern, and witnesses to such "deviant" behavior may take action. In most cultures, people try to marry a person that their parents find acceptable. However, in very individualistic cultures like the United States, it is assumed that people are independent beings and can marry someone regardless of parental disapproval. In individualist cultures marriage is an institution that only links two people and not their respective families. In collectivist cultures it links two families, in which case it is essential that the families find the mate acceptable.
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一部むずかしいところがありますが、一応以下のとおりお答えします。 （訳文） インドでは、その上級技師は両親の近くに留まらなければならないので、ニューヨークは遠すぎると感じています。彼の父親が死に瀕しているならば、彼の枕元に控えて彼の死への旅を安楽にすることがこの技術者の義務であろう。米国では、同様の状況下にある場合親が特別養護ホームに入れられる可能性が高くなります。親とその息子はそれぞれ自分自身の人生を持ち、（互に）独立した存在です。 ドイツでは、全体的に見ればかなり個人的ですが、ある点では集団主義的です。このドイツのエピソードは、集団主義者的なふるまいの実例となります。成長しにくい草の地域を歩むのは地域社会の懸念することであり、そのような「逸脱した」行動の目撃者は行動を起こすかもしれません*。ほとんどの文化で、人々は彼らの両親が許容できると感じる人と結婚しようとします。しかし、アメリカのような非常に個性的な文化では、人々は独立した存在であり、親が承認しない場合であっても、そういう人と結婚することができると推測されます。個人主義の文化では、結婚は2人の人々を結びつけるだけで、それぞれの家族を結びつける制度ではありません。集団主義的な文化では、それは2つの家族を結びつけますので、家族が相手の人を受け入れられると認めることが不可欠です。 ＊《Walking on hard-to-grow grassy areas is a community concern, and witnesses to such "deviant" behavior may take action.》 の部分がよく分かりません。特に、Walking on hard-to-grow grassy areas「育つのが難しい草の多い地域を歩く」が抽象的な表現で、どういう意味なのか解釈に苦しみます。釈然としなくてすみませんが、一応「成長しにくい茨の地／荒涼とした環境を歩む」のように考えたらどうでしょう。そうするとこの部分は、 《成長しにくい茨の地／荒涼とした環境を歩むのは地域社会の懸念することであり、そのような「逸脱した」行動の目撃者は行動を起こすかもしれません。》 といった訳文になりますが、いかがでしょうか。
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1 in Brazil, a waiter brings one menu for four people and gives it to the senior member of the group who orders the same food for all. 2 in France, each member of the group orders a different main dish at a restaurant. 3 in India,a senior engineer is asked to move to NewYork,at a salary that is twenty-five times his salary in NewDelhi,but he declines the opportunity. 4in California,a senior engineer is asked to move to NewYork,at a salary that is 50percent higher than his salary in LosAngeles,and he accepts. 5in Germany,a man walks one the grass in apublic park and is reprimanded by several passersby. ※reprimand；叱り付ける 6 in Illinois,a person marries someone without parental approval. 後に書かれてるsix behaviors のこと。 この英文は個人主義、集団主義についての文章 You will want some explanation of why the six behaviors mentioned above reflect these constructs.Brazil and India are collectivist countries,thougy in different degrees.France,the United States,and Germany are individualistic countries,also in different degrees. (3)Nevertheless,one can find both collectivist and individualistic elements in all these countries,in different combinations. In (c), the waiter infers that each person has personal preferences that must be respected, whereas in (d),the waiter assumes that the senior member of the group will decide what toeat and that ultimately consuming the same food will intensify bonds among the members of the group. ・・・ In India,the senior engineer feels he must stay close to his parents and that New York is simply too far. If his father were dying,it would be the engineer`s duty to be at his bedside and ease his passage to the other state. Under similar conditions in the United States,it is more likely that the parent would be placed in anursing home.the parent and his son have their own lives and are independent beings. Germany,though overall quite individualistic,is also collectivist in certain respects. the German episode is a community concern ,and witnesses to such deviant behavior(逸脱した行為)may take action.IN most cultures,people are independent beings and can marry someone regardless of parental disapproval.In individualist cultures marriage is an institution tha only links two people and not their respective families. In collectivist cultures it links tywo families,in which case it is essential that the families find the mate acceptable 問 （3）（←Nevertheless～combinations）の特徴を本文中ではどの国のどのようなエピソードをあげて説明してますか？ ↑この設問は意味がよくわかりません。 問 （ｃ）（ｄ）に入る国名を答えよ 問 インドは集団主義的傾向が強く、アメリカは個人主義的傾向が強いとされていますが、その根拠を答えよ ↑これは（In India,the senior engineer feels he must stay close to his parents and that New York is simply too far. ）あたりのことだと思いますが、engineerをはじめいまいち意味をつかめません
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