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Germany's intention was to turn these territories into political and territorial satellites, but this plan collapsed with Germany's own defeat within a year. After the German surrender, the Soviets made an attempt to regain lost territories. They were successful in some areas like Ukraine, Belarus and the Caucasus, but were forced to recognize the independence of the Baltic States, Finland, and Poland.
In the Bolshevik government, Lenin consolidated his power; however, fearing the possibility of a renewed German threat along the Baltic, he moved the capital from Petrograd to Moscow on 12 March. Debates became far more restrained, and he was never again so strongly challenged as he was regarding the Brest-Litovsk treaty.

The Capture of Jericho occurred between 19 and 21 February 1918 to the east of Jerusalem beginning the Occupation of the Jordan Valley during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War. Fighting took place in an area bordered by the Bethlehem–Nablus road in the west, the Jordan River in the east, and north of a line from Jerusalem to the Dead Sea. Here a British Empire force attacked Ottoman positions, forcing them back to Jericho and eventually across the Jordan River.
Winter rains put an end to campaigning after the advance from the Gaza–Beersheba line to the capture of Jerusalem in December 1917. This lull in the fighting offered the opportunity for the captured territories to be consolidated. Extensive developments were also required along the lines of communication to ensure that front-line troops were adequately supplied, approximately 150 miles (240 km) from their main bases at Moascar and Kantara on the Suez Canal.
General Edmund Allenby's initial strategic plans focused on his open right flank. If attacked with sufficiently large forces, he could be outflanked by an attack from the east—unlike his left flank which rested securely on the Mediterranean Sea to the west. His aim was to capture the territory east of Jerusalem stretching to the Dead Sea, where his right flank could be more secure. The area was garrisoned by Ottoman troops entrenched on hill-tops which the British infantry, Australian light horse and New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigades attacked.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Germany's intention was to turn these territories into political and territorial satellites, but this plan collapsed with Germany's own defeat within a year. After the German surrender, the Soviets made an attempt to regain lost territories. They were successful in some areas like Ukraine, Belarus and the Caucasus, but were forced to recognize the independence of the Baltic States, Finland, and Poland.
⇒ドイツ軍の意図は、これらの領域を政治的・領土的な衛星（出島）に変えることであったけれども、この計画は1年以内でドイツ軍自身の失敗によって頓挫した。ソビエトは、ドイツへの引き渡しの後、失地奪回を企てた。それはウクライナ、ベラルーシ、およびコーカサス山脈のような幾つかの地域では成功したが、バルト諸国、フィンランド、およびポーランドの独立については、容認を強制された。

＞In the Bolshevik government, Lenin consolidated his power; however, fearing the possibility of a renewed German threat along the Baltic, he moved the capital from Petrograd to Moscow on 12 March. Debates became far more restrained, and he was never again so strongly challenged as he was regarding the Brest-Litovsk treaty.
⇒ボルシェビキ政府ではレーニンがその権力を統合した。しかしバルト地域に沿って更新されたドイツ軍による脅威の可能性を恐れて、彼は3月12日に首都をペトログラードからモスクワに移動した。討論・異論はさらに強く制限されて、彼がブレスト=リトフスク条約を守っていた時ほど強い挑発を受けることはなくなった。

＞The Capture of Jericho occurred between 19 and 21 February 1918 to the east of Jerusalem beginning the Occupation of the Jordan Valley during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War. Fighting took place in an area bordered by the Bethlehem–Nablus road in the west, the Jordan River in the east, and north of a line from Jerusalem to the Dead Sea. Here a British Empire force attacked Ottoman positions, forcing them back to Jericho and eventually across the Jordan River.
⇒「ジェリコの攻略」は、19日から21日にかけて起こったが、それは第一次世界大戦中の1918年2月に「シナイ半島とパレスチナ野戦」の間に、エルサレムの東において「ヨルダン渓谷の占領」で始まった。戦いは、西のベツレヘム－ナブルス道路、東のヨルダン川、および北のエルサレムから死海へ至る線戦－が接している地域で起こった。ここで大英帝国軍団がオスマントルコ軍陣地を攻撃し、彼らをジェリコまで後退させて、結局ヨルダン川の横断を強制した。

＞Winter rains put an end to campaigning after the advance from the Gaza–Beersheba line to the capture of Jerusalem in December 1917. This lull in the fighting offered the opportunity for the captured territories to be consolidated. Extensive developments were also required along the lines of communication to ensure that front-line troops were adequately supplied, approximately 150 miles (240 km) from their main bases at Moascar and Kantara on the Suez Canal.
⇒1917年12月、ガザ－ベールシェバ線戦からエルサレムへの進軍の後、冬の雨によって野戦が終わりを迎えた。戦いの中でのこの小康は、攻略した領域を統合強化する機会を提供した。また、前線部隊が適正な供給を受けることを保証する通信線や、スエズ運河のモアスカルとカンタラにある彼らの主要基地から約150マイル（240キロ）に沿った広い開発地が必要であった。

＞General Edmund Allenby's initial strategic plans focused on his open right flank. If attacked with sufficiently large forces, he could be outflanked by an attack from the east—unlike his left flank which rested securely on the Mediterranean Sea to the west. His aim was to capture the territory east of Jerusalem stretching to the Dead Sea, where his right flank could be more secure. The area was garrisoned by Ottoman troops entrenched on hill-tops which the British infantry, Australian light horse and New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigades attacked.
⇒エドムンド・アレンビー将軍の当初の戦略計画は、開けた地での右側面を中心にしていた。もし十分大きい規模の軍団によって攻撃されるならば、東から西への攻撃によって－地中海に面して安全に駐留していた彼の左側面と違って－彼の隊は側面から包囲されかねなかったことであろう。彼の目的は、死海に伸びるエルサレムの東領域を攻略することであったが、そこなら彼の右側面がより安全になるかも知れないからであった。その地域は、オスマントルコ軍が丘の上の塹壕にこもって駐屯し、防備していたが、英国軍歩兵隊、オーストラリア軽騎兵隊、およびニュージーランド騎馬ライフル旅団が攻撃をしかけた。

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