Americans Can Lead the Fight Against Global Warming by Eating Less Meat
- If Americans reduce their meat consumption, they can play a significant role in combating global warming.
- Europe must take immediate action to protect various sectors from the impacts of global warming, such as flooding and forest fires.
- The president of the European Commission calls for a new global pact to address the urgent issue of climate change.
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If Americans face the connections between diet and the planet by eating less meat -- thumbing their nose at the Atkins diet -- they could provide a rare act of leadership in slowing global warming. BRUSSELS — Europe must start work now to protect power stations, transport systems and agriculture from flooding, droughts, forest fires and landslides likely to be caused by global warming, according to the draft of a report due out this week. The draft analysis by the European Commission paints a disturbing picture of the impact of rising temperatures that will scorch the southern Mediterranean, melt Alpine and Scandinavian snows and flood low-lying coastal zones around the Continent. The president of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso, highlighted the need for a new global pact to stem global warming after visiting a Greenland glacier that has become a symbol of climate change. "We must do something. The situation is very dramatic," Barroso told Danish news agency Ritzau after a boat trip late Sunday along the west coast of the giant Arctic island.
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もしアメリカ人が ―アトキンス式ダイエット(*)を鼻であしらって（小ばかにして)― 食べる肉を減らすことで節食と地球惑星との間の関係（問題）に対処するならば、彼らは地球温暖化の低減に関してリーダーシップという稀有な行いを提供できるかもしれません。 ブリュッセル（発通信） ―今週予定されている報告書の草案によれば、ヨーロッパは、地球温暖化によって引き起こされそうな氾濫、干ばつ、山火事および地滑りから、発電所や輸送システムおよび農業を保護するために、今すぐ仕事を始めなければなりません。 「欧州委員会」によるその草案の分析は、南地中海を焦がすような気温上昇、アルプス山脈やスカンジナビアの雪の融解、およびヨーロッパ大陸周辺の低地沿岸部の洪水といった、衝撃的で気がかりな構図を描いています。 「欧州委員会」の議長ホセ・マヌエル・バローソは、気候変化の象徴になったグリーンランド氷河を訪れた後に、地球温暖化を食い止めるために、全地球的な新しい協定の必要性を強調しました。 「私たちは、何か手を打たなければなりません。状況は極めて劇的です」と、その巨大な北極の島の西側海岸に沿ってボート旅行をした後の日曜日の夕刻に、バローソがデンマークのリッツォ通信社に伝えました。 (*)アトキンス式ダイエットとは、アメリカ人医師ロバート・アトキンス博士が考案したダイエット法で、炭水化物の摂取量を制限し、代わりに脂肪がエネルギーとして使われる状態に誘導するダイエット法。詳しくは、下記をご参照ください。 http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%88%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%80%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A8%E3%83%83%E3%83%88
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Dr. Mark Jacobson is a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University. He focuses his research on the causes of atmospheric changes and the most feasible ways of reducing global warming. Aircraft vapor trails (also known as “contrails,” as they are trails of condensed vapor) have long been thought of as being harmful as they have a lot of CO2 and are placed in a fragile part of the atmosphere. Dr. Jacobson and his team made a model that used atmospheric traits such as air composition and cloudiness, and aircraft emission characteristics such as soot. They then gathered data for 2004 and 2006, applied the data to the model, and calculated the warming that was due to commercial flights. After that, they made a nine-year simulation of data beginning from 2004, fine-tuned to the atmospheric conditions in different areas of the world. Their model predicts that vapor trails cause 4-8% of the rise in surface temperatures overall, but perhaps 20% of the warming over the Arctic. The study further suggests that reducing the soot in vapor trails will stop the warming effect those trails create. In addition, the soot-free vapor trails may actually promote a slight cooling effect by preventing the formation of heat-trapping cirrus clouds in some areas. But for now, vapor trails seem to be a big problem. よろしくお願いしますorz
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In case you missed the May edition of “Geophysical Research Letters,” an article by five scientists has the backdrop. They analyze the extent of Arctic sea ice each summer since 1953. The computer models anticipated a loss of ice of 2.5 percent per decade, but the actual loss was 7.8 percent per decade — three times greater. The article notes that the extent of summer ice melting is 30 years ahead of where the models predict. Three other recent reports underscore that climate change seems to be occurring more quickly than computer models had anticipated: Science magazine reported in March that Antarctica and Greenland are both losing ice overall, about 125 billion metric tons a year between the two of them — and the amount has accelerated over the last decade. To put that in context, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (the most unstable part of the frosty cloak over the southernmost continent) and Greenland together hold enough ice to raise global sea levels by 40 feet or so, although they would take hundreds of years to melt. We hope.
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THIRTY-FIVE years ago, Frances Moore Lappé's revolutionary cookbook "Diet for a Small Planet" warned of the dire consequences of a growing taste for meat. For example, it takes up to 16 times more farmland to sustain people on a diet of animal protein than on a diet of plant protein. As US, European, and Asian farmers run out of land for crop expansion, her warning rings prophetic. The emerging meat-eaters of the emerging economies -- especially China -- are driving industrial agriculture into the tropical forests of South America, sending greenhouse gases skyward in a dangerous new linkage between the palate and the warming of the planet. Tropical forests contain a wealth of plant and animal species. But they are also a giant, volatile reservoir of carbon that must remain largely intact in order to bring global warming under control. The wood of these magnificent ecosystems stores more than 400 billion tons of carbon, dwarfing the more than 7 billion tons of fossil fuel carbon burned each year. This reservoir is leaking carbon dioxide into the atmosphere at the rate of 1-2 billion tons of carbon per year through the cutting and burning of rainforest. When agricultural fires escape into neighboring tropical forests during particularly dry years, another billion tons or two can slip into the sky.
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The study also underlined the global nature of the threat and pointed out that changes on one continent will be felt on others. The worst effects of global warming will be felt in Aflica, Latin America and Asia but that ''could lead to vast displacement of populations including in regions close to Europe.'' The document concluded that ''each European citizen will be affected one way or another and the widest possible involment of society is needed.''
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Policy makers and environmentalists argue that, alongside the task of cutting carbon dioxide emissions, governments must prepare for drastic changes which will result from the inevitable rise in temperatures. "What we are seeing now are the early signs of climate change as a result of the emissions produced in the 1960s and 1970s," said Tom Burke, visiting professor at Imperial and University Colleges, London. "There is a 40 year lag between carbon entering the atmosphere and its effects starting to show." He added that the report "is a wake-up call, and what is tricky about this is that we are going to have to spend billions preparing and adapting, and that is going to compete for money to stop climate change getting worse." The draft of the European Commission's Green Paper "Adapting to Climate Change in Europe - Options for EU Action," underlines the scale of the challenge. The document warns that, unless there is advance planning, European countries will be left to respond "to increasingly frequent crises and disasters which will prove much more costly and also threaten Europe's social and economic systems and its security." It adds: "For impacts where we have enough confidence in the forecasts, adaptation must therefore start now."
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It would have been well if theologians had made up their minds to accept frankly the principle that those things for the eiscovery of which man has faculties specially provided are not fit objects of a divine revelation. Had this been unhesitangly done, either the definition and idea of divine revelation must have been modified and the possibly of an admixture of error[must] have been allowed,or such parts of the Hebrew writings as were found to be repugnant to fact must have been pronounced to form no part of revelation. The first course is that which theologians have most generally adopted,but [it is adopted] with such limitation,cautels those who would know how and what God really has taught mankind, and whether anything beyond that which man is able,and obviously intended,to arrive at by the use of his natural faculties.
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Factoring in these emissions, Indonesia had quickly become the world’s third-leading producer of carbon emissions that scientists believe are responsible for global warming, ranked after the United States and China, according to a study released in December by researchers from Wetlands International and Delft Hydraulics, both in the Netherlands. “It was shocking and totally smashed all the good reasons we initially went into palm oil,” said Alex Kaat, a spokesman for Wetlands, a conservation group. Biofuals, long a cornerstone of the quest for greener energy, may sometimes create more harmful emissions than fossil fuels, scientific studies are finding. As a result, politicians in many countries are rethinking the billions of dollars in subsidies that have indiscriminately supported the spread of all of these supposedly eco-friendly fuels for vehicles and factories. The 2003 European Union Biofuels Directive, which demands that all member states aim to have 5.75 percent of transportation run by biofuel in 2010, is now under review.
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この文を訳していただけないでしょうか？ よろしくお願いします！ Scientists believe that companies should work to cut greenhouse gas emissions by using other energy sources, such as wind, solar or waterpower. These types of fuel are less damaging to the environment. You might have heard about the measures that we all can take to save energy and cut carbon dioxide in the air. But national and international energy laws are also key. As we have seen, millions of plant and animal species may have already been affected by global warming. The time to act is now.
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こんにちは。 和訳をしていたのですが、どう訳せば自然な日本語になるのか分からず、 止まってしまっています。和訳宜しくお願い致します。 本文：As a designer of clothing and what we call fashion, we must readapt our approach entirely to a world spiraling into chaos by a system of human civilization and philosophies that is not working--and whether humanity likes it or not--will change rapidly. 宜しくお願い致します。
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The drastic shift in economic climate forced the countries to re-evaluate their situation and to promote industries where they had fallen short. Austria and Czechoslovakia subsidised the mill, sugar and brewing industries, while Hungary attempted to increase the efficiency of iron, steel, glass and chemical industries. The stated objective was that all countries should become self-sufficient. This tendency, however, led to uniform economies and competitive economic advantage of long well-established industries and research fields evaporated. The lack of specialisation adversely affected the whole Danube-Carpathian region and caused a distinct setback of growth and development compared to the West as well as high financial vulnerability and instability. Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia had to assume part of the financial obligations of the former Kingdom of Hungary on account of the parts of its former territory that were assigned under their sovereignty. Some conditions of the Treaty were similar to those imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles. After the war, the Austro-Hungarian navy, air force and army were disbanded. The army of post-Trianon Hungary was to be restricted to 35,000 men and there was to be no conscription. Heavy artillery, tanks and air force were prohibited. Further provisions stated that in Hungary, no railway would be built with more than one track, because at that time railways held substantial strategic importance economically and militarily. Hungary also renounced all privileges in territories outside Europe that were administered by the former Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Articles 54–60 of the Treaty required Hungary to recognise various rights of national minorities within its borders. Articles 61–66 stated that all former citizens of the Kingdom of Hungary living outside the newly defined frontiers of Hungary were to ipso facto lose their Hungarian nationality in one year.
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