Endangered Species: Why Are They Getting So Much Attention?
- Endangered species are receiving a lot of attention today due to the unnatural extinction happening in recent times.
- Loss of habitat and climate change are the leading reasons for species becoming endangered.
- Human activities such as deforestation, urban expansion, and pollution are destroying habitats, making it harder for animals, plants, and insects to survive.
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From the time that life first appeared on Earth, species have gone extinct. Extinction is a natural part of evolution. Species that are best at adapting to their environment survive. Other species are unable to adapt quickly enough – so they die off. So, why do endangered species get so much attention today? One reason is much of the extinction happening these days is unnatural. The leading reason for a species to become endangered is loss of habitat. As humans cut down forests for farmland, expand cities, or pollute waterways, to name a few ways that habitat is destroyed, animals, plants, and insects find it harder and harder to survive. Thus, the effect of humans on the natural world is causing species to become endangered, and, ultimately, go extinct. Another leading reason for a species to become endangered is climate change. For example, the lizards in this article could probably adapt to a gradual change in temperature. However, the rapid change in the climate, and the consequent decrease in lizard birthrate, threaten to doom many lizard species. If human activity is a major reason for climate change, then it would seem that we are changing our world far too rapidly for species to naturally adapt. Humans are highly adaptable, but most species need a lot of time to get used to changing conditions.
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地球上に最初の生命が現れた時から、種は絶滅してきた。 絶滅とは進化の自然な過程なのである。 その環境にもっとも適した種が生き残る。 他の種は、瞬時に十分に適応することができず、故に死に絶える。 ではなぜ、今日絶滅危惧種がこんなにも注目をあびるのであろう？ ひとつの理由は、今日起っている多くの絶滅が、不自然だからである。 種が絶滅危惧となる主な理由は、生息地の喪失にある。 生息地が破壊される数例をあげると、人間が農地用に森林を伐採し、都市を拡大し、水路を汚染するので、動物、植物そして昆虫たちはどんどん生き残るのが困難になっているのだ。 このように、自然界における人間の影響が、種が絶滅の危機に瀕する原因を引き起こし、ひいては絶滅するのだ。 種が絶滅の危機に瀕するもう一つの主な理由は、気候変動である。 例えば、この記事の中に出てくるトカゲはおそらく、気温の段階的変化に適応することができるであろう。 しかし、気候の急激な変化とその結果としてのトカゲの出生率の減少は、多くのトカゲ種を破滅へと導く恐れがある。 人間の活動が気候変動の主な理由であるならば、我々は自分達の世界を種が自然に適応できないほどあまりにも急速に変えているように思える。 人間はものすごく適応性が高いが、ほとんどの種は変わり行く状況に慣れるために沢山の時間を必要とするのだ。
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生命が地球上に最初に登場して以来、いろんな種が絶滅した。絶滅は進化の、自然な一部である。環境にもっとも良く順応した種は生き延び、環境への適応が遅い他の種は死ぬ。 なのに絶滅に瀕した種が、今日こんなに注目を集めるのはなぜか？ その理由の一つは、最近起こっている絶滅の多くは不自然だからである。 種が絶滅する一番大きな理由は生活圏が無くなることだ。二三の例を挙げれば、人類が農地や都市を作るために森林を伐採したり、水流を汚染したりする度に、動物、植物、昆虫などの生存がだんだん難しくなる。 こうして自然界に及ぼす人類の影響は、種の危機を招き、究極的には絶滅に至る。種が絶滅するもう一つの大きな原因は、気候の変化である。 例えば、この記事にあるトカゲは、気温の変化が漸次に行われたのであれば、適応できたであろう、しかしながら、急激な気候の変化と、それに伴うトカゲの出生率の低下は、多くのトカゲの種類の将来を暗いものにしている。 もし、人類の活動が気候変化の主因であれば、我々が主因となる変化の速度が速すぎるため、種が自然に順応出来ないのではないかと思われる。ヒトは順応が非常に速い、しかし他の種には、生活条件の変化に慣れるのに長い時間を必要とするものが多い。
関連するQ&A
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Climate change is often associated with extreme weather events, melting glaciers and rising sea levels. But it could also have a major impact on human, animal and plant health by making it easier for diseases to spread. Various germs and parasites may find the coming years a time to live longer and prosper. Rising temperatures are changing environments and removing some of their natural impediments. Sonia Altizer is an associate professor at the University of Georgia’s Odum School of Ecology and lead author of the study. She said it’s a review of research done over the past 10 years to see what trends and new information on climate change have emerged. “One of the big themes that has emerged is that there’s a lot of diseases, especially in natural systems, where there as a pretty clear signal that either the prevalence or severity of those diseases has increased in response to climate change.” She said some of those natural systems where the signal is strongest are in the arctic and in warmer oceans. “So in the arctic there are parasitic worms that affect muskox and reindeer, for example, that are developing faster and becoming more prevalent and expanding their ranges. And then in tropical oceans, like Caribbean coral reefs, there’s a large amount of evidence that has mounted that shows that warming interferes with the symbiosis of corals – makes them more vulnerable to disease and at the same time increases the growth rate of some lethal bacteria,” she said. But a second theme emerged indicating that sometimes climate change may have no effect at all. “The other main point that we focused on is that knowing why different pathogens respond differently to climate change is what’s needed to help us predict and ultimately manage disease outbreaks in people and animals and plants,” she said. Some countries will be much better prepared to handle the disease threat than others, like those in Europe and North America. . “Surveillance, vector control, modern sanitation, drugs, vaccines can be deployed to prevent outbreaks of a lot of diseases, especially vector borne disease or diarrheal disease that are much more problematic in the developing world. And so these can counter the effects of climate change and make it hard to detect increases in those pathogens,” said Altizer. Controlling vectors means controlling such things as mosquitos and ticks, which can carry malaria or dengue fever. In developing countries, pathogens affecting agriculture and wildlife could adversely affect food security and the livelihoods of indigenous peoples. So how concerned should health officials be? Altizer said there’s no simple answer. “I think that the answer to it really depends on the location. So where, when and what pathogen? So I think we’re at a stage now where in the next five to ten years scientists will be able to move towards a predictive framework that will be able to answer questions about where in the world and what pathogens are responding and will continue to respond most strongly to climate change.” Altizer says the effects of climate change will unfold over decades. So it’s vital to follow long-term standardized data for many diseases and pathogens. She said crop management may be a good example to follow. It has a long history of tracking disease outbreaks, forecasting potential threats and responding to those threats early.
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下記の英文訳について質問します。 (With) the world‘s many habitats and (forms of life interconnected)、it is clear that rapid change to our climate are setting in (motion) a worrying chain of events.Pridiction that over a million species could become extinct (should not seem strange),(given what) we are doing to the climate in particular and to our world in general. この前の文章は、たくさんの種（species)が、消えておりそらは、大きな影響がある。というような内容です。 特にわからないのは（ ）の訳し方です。（ ）以外の訳は、「世界の多くの生息地そして（ ）、急速に私たちの懸念すべき出来事の連鎖が変化しているのは確かである。１００万以上の生物の種類が絶滅するかもしれないといっている専門家（ ）（ ）、気候に対して私たちが特にしていることと、世界が一般的にしていること・・・」というような内容が書いてあると思っているのですが、（ ）の中の訳し方がわかりません。教えてください。
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次の英文の意味を教えてください。 Ｔhat is a sign that you are in a way aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do.
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Abstract The linkage between multi-decadal climate variability and activity of the sun has been long debated based upon observational evidence from a large number of instrumental and proxy records. It is difficult to evaluate the exact role of each of solar parameters on climate change since instrumentally measured solar related parameters such as Total Solar irradiance (TSI), Ultra Violet (UV), solar wind and Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) fluxes are more or less synchronized and only extend back for several decades. Here we report tree-ring carbon-14 based record of 11-year/22-year solar cycles during the Maunder Minimum (17th century) and the early Medieval Maximum Period (9–10th century) to reconstruct the state of the sun and the flux of incoming GCRs. The result strongly indicates that the influence of solar cycles on climate is persistent beyond the period after instrumental observations were initiated. We find that the actual lengths of solar cycles vary depending on the status of long-term solar activity, and that periodicity of the surface air temperatures are also changing synchronously. Temperature variations over the 22-year cycles seem, in general, to be more significant than those associated with the 11-year cycles and in particular around the grand solar minima such as the Maunder Minimum (1645–1715 AD). The polarity dependence of cooling events found in this study suggests that the GCRs can not be excluded from the possible drivers of decadal to multi-decadal climate change.
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The little devices most of us carry around are so powerful that they change not only what we do, but also who we are . . . We've become accustomed to a new way of 'being alone together.'
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The principal factor that determines whether a nucleus is stable is the neutron-to-proton ratio. For stable atoms of elements having low atomic number, the n/p value is close to 1. As the atomic number increases, the neutron-to-proton ratios of the stable nuclei become greater than 1. This deviation at higher atomic numbers arises because a larger number of neutrons is needed to counteract the strong repulsion among the protons and stabilize the nucleus. この英文を和訳してください。核化学に関する英文です。
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きれいな文に訳できなくて、内容をつかみとれません、、 英語が得意な方、お願いします！ It is vital that the IWC adopts a permanent ban on commercial whaling on the high seas, maintains and increases whale sanctuaries, and shames Japan into ending its flawed “scientific whaling”. It could be our last chance to properly conserve and safeguard the future of these magnificent animals. There are more than 80 species of whales and most species of whale are not endangered. In fact, based on scientific data, we can say that many species are abundant and increasing. This is particularly true for minke whales, Bryde’s whales and sperm whales, the species for which we have the best data.
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Policy makers and environmentalists argue that, alongside the task of cutting carbon dioxide emissions, governments must prepare for drastic changes which will result from the inevitable rise in temperatures. "What we are seeing now are the early signs of climate change as a result of the emissions produced in the 1960s and 1970s," said Tom Burke, visiting professor at Imperial and University Colleges, London. "There is a 40 year lag between carbon entering the atmosphere and its effects starting to show." He added that the report "is a wake-up call, and what is tricky about this is that we are going to have to spend billions preparing and adapting, and that is going to compete for money to stop climate change getting worse." The draft of the European Commission's Green Paper "Adapting to Climate Change in Europe - Options for EU Action," underlines the scale of the challenge. The document warns that, unless there is advance planning, European countries will be left to respond "to increasingly frequent crises and disasters which will prove much more costly and also threaten Europe's social and economic systems and its security." It adds: "For impacts where we have enough confidence in the forecasts, adaptation must therefore start now."
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It stands to reason, then, that if the ratio of the masses of different elements in a given compound is fixed, the ratio of the atoms of these elements in the compound also must be constant. この英文を和訳してほしいです。
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送られてきた以下の英語のメール文が上手く読めません。途中までは訳してみたのですが、だんだん難しくなり、途中から全く分からなくなりました。英語に堪能な方、どうかよろしくお願いします。 ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー 1. ACT in general is an organization of teachers and non-teaching personnel, from pre-school to colleges and universities. Most of the members are from the public schools that is more than 500,000 nationwide. We have chapters in all (17) regions in the country. It is in the Philippine Constitution that public servants have the right to unionize and in 1987, there was the Executive Order 180, that created the Public Sector Labor Managemant Council. It was only recently, September, 2011 to be exact, that the government thru Civil Service Commision has come up with a clear guidelines on how public school teachers will be unionized. The main essence is that public school teachers can form union on a regional basis. With this, we registered our very union in the National Capital Region (ACT-NCR union) then gained our recognition from the government last Septembr 17, 2012. We are now in the process of negotiation with the Deped NCR. In fact, we already had 2meetings with them. Our Davao region is already in the process of registration. Soon other regions will follow. We are the only teachers organization that is already officially registered and recognized. 2. The ACT-Ncr union is more or less 26t members out of 50t. Membership campaign is on going. Over all we have, 40t members. Trade unions in the Phil are separate from teachers. And also private schools have different unions (school to school basis) 3. Some of our major issues are a. Increasing of education budget from 3% to 6% of the GDP like all other countries. So that shortages in the number of teachers, rooms, chairs, toilets and sanitation facilities will be addressed b. Adequate , decent and living wages for teachers and non-teaching personnel. At present, the minimum salary of teachers in the public school is $464. c. Increase budget for the state colleges and universities d. Basic education curriculum that is relevant to the needs of the people and national development. We are campaigning for education that is scientific, mass oriented and nationalistic. e. Implementation of the laws in education that is related to the benefits of teachers like RA 4760 Magna Carta for Public School Teachers, RA 8790 GSIS Law, etc Hope that this explation helped.
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