Japan's Economy Faces Challenges Amidst Disaster

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  • Mr. Kan has ordered 100,000 troops from Japan's Defence Forces to find dead bodies rather than distribute supplies.
  • The bureaucratic mindset of civil servants is blamed for blocking the flow of emergency supplies.
  • The impact of the disaster on Japan's economy is expected to be limited, as previous disasters had minimal effects on growth rates.
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英文翻訳お願いします

Mr. Kan has ordered 100,000 troops from Japan's-Defence Forces to the region, but according to Mr. Niinami their task is to find dead bodies rather than distribute supplies. He has urged the authorities to divert passenger planes to help airlift provisions. Others in the affected region blame the bureaucratic mindest of civil servants for blocking the flow of emergency supplies. Layered over the humanitarian and nuclear drama is yet another mounting concern:the effect on Japan's economy. It is in a parlous state, suffering from slow growth, high debt and  relative decline.  Many economist at first suggested that things were not as bad as they looked. Of course, there would be a short-term dip in grows. But as reconstruction began, growth would pick up again. The international impact, too, would be limited. Supply-chain disruption would cause some problems, especially in the electronics industry, but overall the expected boost in Japanese imports as it rebuilt would help the rest of world.   That, at least, is what the history of recent Asian disasters suggests. The tsunami of December 2004 and the Kashmir earthquake of October 2005 involved death and destruction on an even wider scale, yet had virtually no impact on growth rates. That was largely because the victims were mostly poor people who added little to DGP. But even the Kobe earthquake of 1995-the second-biggest ever to hit a modern urban area-had a surprisingly modest effect. Within 15 months industrial production in Kobe had almost reached pre-quake levels, and Japan as a whole suffered only one quarter of declining  output.   A second reason to expect the economy to cope is that although the area affected by the tsunami and quake was vast, it contains no Kobes. It is less populated and less industrialised. According to calculations by economists at Nomura, an investment bank, the three worst-hit prefectures(Miyagi, Fukushima and Iwate) account for just 3.6% of Japan's economy, though electronics factories are clustered there.   Adding in neighbouring Nagano, Ibaraki and Niigata prefectures, which were much less damaged, brings the affected area's contribution to GDP to 10.8%. That is a big chunk. But Tomo Kinoshita of Nomura nevertheless estimates that the direct negative hit to Japan's GDP would be limited to between 0.25 and  0.5 percentage points in the first quarter, and 0.5 and 1 percentage point in the second. Another bank, Goldman Sachs, estimates the cost of the damage at ¥16 trillion($202 billion), or about 4% GDP.  Spread over a few years of reconstruction, that should easily be affordable-a drop in the ocean of Japanese public indebtedness.

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  • sayshe
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回答No.1

菅氏は、自衛隊の100,000人の部隊をその地域に派遣することを命じましたが、二イナミ氏によれば、彼らの仕事は、必需品を配給することよりもむしろ死体を見つけることだったそうです。 彼は、当局に食糧空輸を助けるために旅客機を転用するよう主張しました。 影響を受けた地域の他の人々は、公務員の官僚的な思考法が救援物資の流れを妨げたと非難しています。 人道的な核のドラマの上に、さらにもう一つの懸念が積み重なります:日本の経済に対する影響です。 それは危険な状態にあります。そして、遅い成長、高い負債と相対的な低下に苦しんでいます。 多くの経済学者は、事態は見た目ほど悪くないと当初は言っていました。 もちろん、成長の短期の落ち込みはあるでしょう。 しかし、再建が始まったので、成長は再び上向くでしょう。 国際的な影響もまた限定的でしょう。 特にエレクトロニクス産業で、サプライチェーンの混乱はいくらか問題を引き起こすでしょう、しかし、全体として、それが立て直されるにつれて、日本の輸入における予想される増加は、他の世界各国の助けとなるでしょう。 それは、少なくとも、最近のアジアの災害の歴史が示していることです。 2004年12月の津波と2005年10月のカシミールの地震は、さらにより広い規模で死者と破壊を含みましたが、実質的に成長率に影響を及ぼしませんでした。 それは、主に犠牲者が、大部分は、ほとんど何もDGPに加えることのない貧しい人々であったからでした。 しかし、これまでに現代の都市部を襲った2番目に大きい、1995年の神戸の地震さえ、驚くほど穏やかな影響でした。 15ヵ月以内で、神戸の工業生産は地震前の水準にほとんど達しました、そして、日本は全体としてわずか4分の1の生産の減少しか被りませんでした。 経済が対処できると予想するもう一つの理由は、津波と地震の影響を受けた地域は広大でしたが、それが神戸の様な大都市を含まないということです。 この地域は人口も少なく工業化も進んでいません。 野村証券のエコノミストの試算によれば、最も被害の大きい三県(宮城、福島、岩手)は、エレクトロニクス工場がそこには集まっているけれども、日本の経済の3.6%を占めるにすぎないのです。 近隣の長野、茨城、新潟県は、被害はずっと軽微でしたが、これら三県を加えても、被災地域のGDPに対する影響は、10.8%どまりです。 それは、大きな地域です。 しかし、それにもかかわらず、野村のキノシタ・トモは、日本のGDPへの直接的な悪影響は、第1四半期で0.25~0.5パーセンテッジ・ポイント、第2四半期で0.5~1パーセンテッジ・ポイントに限られると見積もります。 もう一つの銀行、ゴールドマン・サックスは、損害のコストを16兆円(2020億ドル)、すなわち、GDPの約4%と見積もります。 再建に2、3年かけるとすると、それは、容易に吸収可能なはずですーーー日本の債務全体からすればスズメの涙なのです。

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