Congress and Courts in Shaping Copyright System and Fair Use

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  • The role of Congress in shaping the copyright system is different from the role of courts in applying the fair use defense. Congress has more freedom in its task, while courts are constrained by specific factors and precedents.
  • The fair use doctrine helps align the 'public good' with 'the claims of individuals' in resolving the issue of transaction costs. Two examples illustrate this alignment.
  • In the first example, a motion picture producer wants to make a movie based on a copyrighted novel.
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英文の和訳お願いします。

今読んでいる英文の雑誌が難しすぎてわからない部分があるのでよろしくお願いします。 課題とかでは無いので、ニュアンスが理解できればいいです。 (1)The difference between the role of Congress in shaping the copyright system and the role of courts in applying the fair use defense is that Congress is constrained in its task only by the loose harness of the Constiution’s copyright clause and by its own sense of political expedience, while courts are constrained by the purposes and factors that Congress expressly laid down in section 107 and by the precedents that have given shape to section 107 and that will continue to define its reach over time. (2)Two examples will illustrate how, in resolving the problem of transaction costs, fair use doctrine aligns the “public good” with “the claims of individuals.” (3)In the first example, a motion picture producer wishes to produce a movie based on a copy-righted novel. 自分で調べた単語 ・Congress  議会 ・ copyright system  著作権法体系 ・fair use defense  フェアユースの抗弁 ・section 107       107条 ・ transaction costs   取引費用

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  • tkltk73
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回答No.1

(1)著作権法体系を構築する議会の役割と公正利用の抗弁権を適用する裁判所の役割には違いがある。議会は憲法の著作権に関する条項による緩やかな規制と政治的便宜に基づく自らの判断に拘束されるだけである。しかし、裁判所は議会が著作権法第107条に明記した公正利用の目的とそれに相当するか否かを決定する際に考慮すべき要素に拘束され、法第107条を具体化して今後も適応範囲を規定し続ける判例に拘束される。 (2)以下の2例で、著作権料の問題の解決に際して、公正利用の原則によってどのように「公共の利益」と「個人の権利」が調整されているかを示す。 (3)最初の例は、映画の製作者が著作権のある小説を原作にした映画の製作を希望する場合である。 'factors' とは下に添付のサイトによると 「特定の場合に著作物の利用がフェア・ユースになるか否かを決定する際に考慮されるべき要素」 のことだということです。 http://park2.wakwak.com/~willway-legal/kls-c.us.act.107.html

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