The Birth of Graph Theory: Leonhard Euler and the Konigsberg Bridge Puzzle
- Discover the fascinating branch of mathematics known as graph theory and its wide-ranging applications.
- Learn how the renowned mathematician Leonhard Euler solved the famous Konigsberg Bridge Puzzle in 1736, laying the foundation for graph theory.
- Explore the impact of graph theory on various fields, from computer science and engineering to linguistics and social sciences.
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下記の英文の翻訳に悩んでいます
下記の英文の翻訳に悩んでいます 私が悩んでいるのは２段落目の1736,のあとのthusからなのですが上手く訳せる方はいらっしゃるでしょうか？ ちなみに最初のほうは私が訳してほしいところと関連を図るためにあえて載せただけなので訳は大丈夫です 私の訳はこうです 有名なスイス人の数学者レオンハルト・オイラーは、1736年にグラフ理論のために基礎を作りグラフ理論の父親として彼のタイトルを得て、パズルを解決しました Graph theory, a fascinating branch of mathematics, has numerous applications to such diverse areas as computer science, engineering, linguistics, and management science, as well as the natural and social sciences. Like many important discoveries, graph theory grew out of an interesting physical problem, the celebrated Konigsberg Bridge Puzzle. The outstanding Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler solved the puzzle in 1736, thus laying the foundation for graph theory and earning his title as the father of graph theory.
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「優秀なスイスの数学者レオンハルト・オイラーはこの謎を1736年に解いて、（こうして）グラフ理論の基礎を築き、グラフ理論の父という肩書きで知られるようになった。」
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- 下記の英文を訳してくださる方はいませんか？
The stage theory of dying was developed by psychiatrist Elizabeth Kubler-Ross from interviews with a large number of terminally ill persons. However, her methods of collecting and interpreting the data have been questioned, and she has been criticized for failing to consider such demographic variables as nature or the disease, sex of the patient, race, developmental level, and cognitive style (Kastenbaum, 1975). Thus, the usefulness and generality of the theory are questionable. However, her research has forced others to be concerned, with the psychology of dying. お願いします。
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The abolition of the death penalty was another contributing factor, as was the high presence of revolutionary agitators at the front including Bolshevik agitators, who promoted a defeatist agenda (and whom Kerensky tolerated considerably more than conservative agitators). What is more, the High Command failed to act appropriately, as they failed to effectively combat the democratization of the army and were sluggish in reacting to the difficulties that the officers had faced. There were very few commands that Stavka were able to implement in regards to controlling the body of troops and restoring officer power; simply because they would have been ignored by the men. Riots and mutineering at the front became common and officers were often the victims of soldier harassment and even murder. Furthermore, the policy of the new government towards the war effort was one of fulfilling obligations towards Russia's allies, as opposed to fighting for the sake of total victory, thus giving soldiers a less credible motivation to fight. However, Kerensky hoped that an important Russian victory would gain popular favour and restore the soldiers' morale, thus strengthening the weak provisional government and proving the effectiveness of "the most democratic army in the world", as he referred to it. Brusilov deemed this the 'last hope to which he could resort', as he saw the collapse of the army as inevitable.Starting on July 1, 1917 the Russian troops attacked the Austro-Hungarian and German forces in Galicia, pushing toward Lviv. The operations involved the Russian 11th, 7th and 8th Armies against the Austro-Hungarian/German South Army (General Felix Graf von Bothmer) and the Austro-Hungarian 7th and 3rd Armies. Initial Russian success was the result of powerful bombardment, such as the enemy never witnessed before on the Russian front. At first, the Austrians did not prove capable of resisting this bombardment, and the broad gap in the enemy lines allowed the Russians to make some progress, especially against the Austro-Hungarian 3rd army.
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- 英文の翻訳をお願いします。
どなたか英文を翻訳していただける方が居ましたらぜひお願いいたします。 I hinted at the end of chapter 1 that while some people consider theory to be a mystification of practice, rather than a tool for disseminating or supporting it, I believe that theories help us to appreciate our practice with more depth and resonance. Ultimately, your response to what we've outlined in this book might be to suggest a theory of your own, based on your own thinking and experience - as some of the practitioners we've interviewed do. But be careful in supported by empirical evidence. The next stage is to work out how you can put your own informed opinions to the test and turn them into a sound theory. Finally, remember that this book is by no means the last word on anything. We hope to have last word on anything. We hope to have whetted your appetite to look at visual communication in more detail, and pointed you in the direction of alternative sources that will extend your knowledge even further.
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The exponential function ez can be defined as the limit of (1 + z/N)N, as N approaches infinity, and thus eiπ is the limit of (1 + iπ/N)N. The computation of (1 + iπ/N)N is displayed as the combined effect of N repeated multiplications in the complex plane, with the final point being the actual value of (1 + iπ/N)N. It can be seen that as N gets larger (1 + iπ/N)N approaches a limit of -1. In mathematical analysis, Euler's identity, named after Leonhard Euler, is the equation 指数関数ezはNが無限に接近するとともに(1 + z/N)Nの限界として定義でき、したがってeiπは(1 + iπ/N)Nの限界です。(1 + iπ/N)Nの実際の値である最終点でNの結合した影響が複素平面中の増加を繰り返したとともに(1 + iπ/N)Nの計算に表示されます。Nが大きくなることによって(1 + iπ/N)Nは-1の限界に近づくと見られます。解析学においてこの方程式は、レオンハルト・オイラーにちなんでオイラーの等式と命名されました。 和訳をしたのですが自信がないのでみていただきたいです 上が本文、下が自分がした和訳です おねがいします
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A competing theory emphasizes childhood events as the source of an individual’s sexual orientation and generates a competing set of hypotheses that can also be tested. 競合する理論は、個人の性的志向の源である幼少期の出来事を強調する。 そして競合する体系的で検証可能な仮説を立てる。 となってしまいますが、どなたかチェックしていただけないでしょうか
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- 英文契約書の一部が翻訳できず困っています。
「契約の解約」について述べられている文面で、1については「契約の終了を望む場合は６ヶ月前までに書面により通知するという内容」だと思うのですが、２がどうしても意味がわかりません。英語にお強い方でどなたか訳していただけないでしょうか。どうぞよろしくお願いいたします。 1. Should one Party or all Parties desire/agree to nullify the legality and thus validity of this agreement, a 6-month prior written intent notice must be submitted to the other affected Party as a pre-requisite to the agreement’s cancellation. 2. Any period of less than a 6-month notice, will carry other consequences, either material or non- material or both, and the content of these consequences can later on be decided separately and thus added to a new addendum which will also act as a legally binding agreement by all Parties.
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翻訳をお願いしたいです。 Thus, computer networks, in conjunction with the digital representation of information, can radically alter entire industries, such as the music industry, the publishing industry, and the newspaper industry.
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Cognitive adaptation Cognitively, we left the adolescent lost in thought in Piaget’s period of formal operations, viewing life and its tasks as one might view a chess game. Actually, this picture reflects our oversimplifying Piaget’s theory in order to describe it more easily. Piaget actually assumes that in each stage of cognitive development the ways of thinking that characterized earlier stages are not lost but rather remain available, in “higher” form, for application in suitable circumstances. お願いします。
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As more Bulgarian infantry and German machine guns became involved in the counter-attack the soldiers of the 37th Colonial Regiment were finally forced to abandon the hill and retreat. By 8:00 the attack of the 16th Colonial Division was beaten along the entire defensive line. Thus at 9:00 the division reinforced its attacking units and began a second attack against the hills "Shtabna Visochina" and "Vaskova Visochina" which was once again defeated. The losses of the Bulgarian 3/7 Infantry Brigade for the day were 134 killed and 276 wounded. The brigade captured 44 French troops in a half-drunken state and reported that its soldiers had counted 725 killed French soldiers. A few days following the attack General Sarrail reported a total of around 1,000 casualties in the 16th Colonial division for the attack on 9 of May. Further to the east of the 16th Colonial Division was the French 17th Colonial Division. On 9 of May this division was tasked with attacking the positions of the 22nd German-Bulgarian Infantry Brigade in conjunction with the Russian 2nd Independent Infantry Brigade. The artillery preparation in this sector began at 5:15 in the morning(guided by and observation balloon) and reached peak intensity at about 6:00 when it covered most of the German and Bulgarian lines. At precisely 6:30 the barrage lifted from the first line of trenches and moved on to their rear. At this moment the French infantry advanced in three waves with three regiments in the first line and one in reserve. Half way across no man's land the attackers were spotted by Bulgarian artillery men and subjected to heavy artillery shelling.
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- 翻訳がうまくできません。
翻訳の手助けをお願いします。 Like any theory of importance, that of social or cultural anthropology was the work of many minds and took on many forms. まず、ここなんですけど、はじめのLike any theory of importanceあたりがうまく訳せません。 「いくつかの大切さの理論のように社会または文化人類学の重要性は 多くの心の働きであり多くの形をとる」 というような文を考えましたが、おかしいでしょうか？ Some, the best known of its proponents, worked on broad areas and attempted to describe and account for the development of human civilization in its totality. 特にbest known of its proponen」がうまく訳せません。 ある者（よく知られているのは提案者）は幅広いエリアで働き 人類文明の発展のために説明したり描写したりする。 Others restricted their efforts to specific aspects of the culture, taking up the evolution of art, or the state, or religion また、ある者は自分達の努力を特別な文化の側面や芸術、主張、宗教の革命を始めることに 制限する というような訳に自分なりになったんですが、結局この文章が何をいいたいのか よくわかりません。 翻訳がそもそも誤っていますか？
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