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日本語で、英語的の未来完了式がありますか？例えば、次の英文AとB、どう
日本語で、英語的の未来完了式がありますか？例えば、次の英文AとB、どう和訳していいのですか？ A:He will be having his lunch at 12:00 am tomorrow. B:He will have had his lunch by 12:00 am tomorrow. "明日の１２時ごろ、彼はすでに昼ごはんを食べているでしょう"は上のAの意味ですか、それとも、Bの意味ですか？
- viclynn
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A「He will be having his lunch at 12:00 am tomorrow.」 ＝12:00の時点で何をしてるかというと、ごはんを食べている真っ最中 B「He will have had his lunch by 12:00 am tomorrow.」 ＝12:00の時点で何をしているかというと、（ごはんを食べ終わって）飲食以外のことをしている状態 「明日の１２時ごろ、彼はすでに昼ごはんを食べているでしょう」 ＝ご回答にもあるとおり、上記ABのどちらともとれる。 強いてAだと強調したいなら「明日の１２時ごろ、彼はすでに昼ごはんを食べ始めているでしょう」 もしくは「明日の１２時ごろ、彼は昼ごはんを食べているでしょう」と言う。 強いてBだと強調したいなら「明日の１２時ごろ、彼はすでに昼ごはんを食べ終えているでしょう」と言う。 ……となります。
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- rojo131
- ベストアンサー率34% (82/236)
“明日の１２時ごろ、彼はすでに昼ごはんを食べているでしょう”は、AとBどちらにも取れると思います。 文脈によって、「～している」が「～してしまっている」（動作の完了）を指すことってありますよね。 例： 「湊かなえの『告白』、文庫本が出たから買ったんだ。貸してあげようか？」 「それ、もうとっくに読んでいるよ」 「ああ、読んだの」 「そう。単行本が出たときにね」 （これは過去完了ですが、「～している」が動作の完了を表している例として） 今回、「食べる」という動作がある程度時間的に幅のある動作なので、判断がつきにくいのではないか？と思います。 確実にBだと分かる言い方は“明日の１２時ごろ、彼はすでに昼ごはんを済ませているでしょう”かな。 “明日の１２時ごろ、彼はすでに昼ごはんをとり始めているでしょう”ならAの意味で伝わるけれど、どちらも意訳っぽいといえば意訳っぽいですね。 完了の時制って、日本語ではあまり意識しないと思います。 だから訳しにくいと言うか、ピッタリくる日本語を見つけにくいんじゃないでしょうか。
- SPS700
- ベストアンサー率46% (15295/33014)
Bですね。「すでに」がありますから 「ている」には、進行形の意味（１）と、「完了した状態」の意味（２）があります。 （１）彼は今さかんに水を飲んでいます （２）彼は二日前に死んでいます （１）の意味では「すでに」が使えません。ですからBの意味です。
- DIooggooID
- ベストアンサー率27% (1730/6405)
A です。 Ｂの場合、食事は済んでしまっている状況を表す意になります。
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