膜電位の急激な減衰と反転、戻りによって生成されるピーク
- この記事では、膜電位の急激な減衰によって生成されるピークについて説明します。
- 膜電位は一時的に反転し、その後元の電位に戻ることがわかります。
- この現象は約1/1000秒以内に起こるとされています。
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This peak is generated by the rapid decay of the membrane potential, followed by a reversal of the potential for a short time, and by its return to the previous polarity within about a thousandth of a second. 「このピークは膜電位の急激な減衰によっておこる、続いて短い時間に電位が反転し、続いて前の正反対の電位に約1/1000秒以内に戻る。」 で、よろしいんでしょうか。 ご指導お願いします。
- ryunan_198
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質問者が選んだベストアンサー
電気（電位差）などの専門家ではないので、用語の使い方のことは わかりませんが、あなたの訳語を生かして文の構成を考えると・・・、 このピークは、短い時間に電位が反転し、続いて約1/1000秒以内に以前の電位に戻ることへとつながる膜電位の急激な減衰によっておこる ということになると思います。
その他の回答 (1)
「このピークは」がそれ以降の三つの「by」で表される事象が連続して起きる結果、現れるという意味です。
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The interior of the cell is normally negative with respect to the outside. This potential collapses as soon as the cell dies, and is apparently due to an active separation of ions by the membrane. ２文目の訳なんですが、 「この電位（のバランス）は細胞が死ぬとすぐに崩壊し、そしてそれはどうやら細胞膜によってイオンが激しく分離することによって起こる。」
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It is sufficient to know that the different kinds of signals that we assume to be the main carriers of information within the nervous system are essentially perturbations of the membrane potential (the so-called resting potential) of the nerve cells. 神経系内で情報を運ぶ主な手段と考えているさまざまな種類の信号は本質的に神経細胞の膜電位（いわゆる静止電位）の本質的な揺れであることを知るのに十分です。 自分で訳してて何を言っているのかさっぱりわからないです。
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The term spike refers to the shape of the peaks that are seen on the oscillograph records when the membrane potential is measured by a fine electrode placed in the vicinity, or in the interior of the neuron. (The more interpretable records of the membrane potential are obtained by means of one electrode inside the cell and one outside, which may be placed at some distance and is then called “indifferent electrode”.) この文章の和訳お願いします。
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以下の文の和訳をお願いします。 Part of the program will focus on a variant of semi-permeable membrane filtration technology known as forward osmosis, according to Masdar. Other innovative technologies to be tested will include electrodialysis deionization, membrane distillation and low-temperature distillation, while the program also aims to explore the potential for cost reductions and improvements in the energy intensity and efficiency of established technologies such as reverse osmosis.
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すいません。 長くて読めないです。 The extent of membrane disruption is measured by the time taken for a dye, neutral red, to diffuse out of the lysosomes into the cytoplasm of the coelomocytes in coelomic fluid removed from the coelom and spread onto a microscopic slide. 膜破壊の範囲は、体腔から取り除かれた体腔液中の体腔細胞の細胞質中のリソソームから外へ拡散する染料、ニュートラルレッド、 顕微鏡のスライドガラスの上に広げます。
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Here we examine the relationship between the sun and climate by measuring the carbon-14 content in tree-rings with annual time resolution. The GCR flux and hence the activity level of the sun can be monitored by carbon-14. Our particular focus is around the period of the Maunder Minimum and the early Medieval Maximum Period (EMMP) in the 9–10th century. Sunspot numbers and the activity levels of the sun gradually change in time with quasi-cycles of about 11 years (Schwabe cycle).The polarity of the solar intrinsic magnetic field, which is more or less a simple dipole at every activity minima, reverses at every activity maximum. It changes the track of protons, the positively charged main constituent of GCRs, due to the spirally expanding interplanetary magnetic field formed by solar wind (Kota and Jokipii, 1983) and hence changes the attenuation level of GCRs in the heliosphere. Bulk of the GCRs comes from the polar region of the heliosphere when the polarity of the sun is positive, while GCRs come from the horizontal direction when negative.The attenuation of GCRs in the heliosphere is, therefore, more sensitive when the polarity is negative to the intensity of solar magnetic field and the tilt angle of the current sheets which expand horizontal direction. Thus the variation of the GCR flux on the earth has a “22-year” cyclic component, and will be transferred to the variations in carbon-14.
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和訳お願いします。 ２文です。 どなたか助けてください。 It is possible to work out a theoretical framework for gauging how effective different neural architectures would be at generating integrated information and therefore attaining a conscious state. This framework, the integrated information theory of consciousness, or IIT, is grounded in the mathematics of information and complexity theory and provides a specific measure of the amount of integrated information generated by any system comprising interacting parts.
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At the outbreak of World War I, the Belgian army was in the middle of a reorganisation. Historically, Belgium had a reputation for neglecting its military. During the 19th century, military reform had been a major political issue as successive governments remained unsure of whether the signatory nations of the 1839 Treaty of London would intervene to guarantee Belgian neutrality if the country were invaded. Belgian politicians were also aware of the rapid expansion of French and German armies during the period. From the 1880s onwards, the Belgian government embarked on an ambitious series of fortress construction but failed to expand or reform the military itself. In 1902, the regular army stood at just 42,800 men with a potential post-mobilisation strength of 180,000. Aware of the country's precarious geopolitical situation, a new military bill was signed by King Leopold II in 1909, initiating major military reforms. These put an end to the system of remplacement, in which wealthy conscripts could pay a replacement to take their place in the army, and introduced a more egalitarian form of military conscription based on age group.Beyond the acquisition of a few new Krupp artillery pieces, there was little attempt to modernise the army's equipment. Further reforms were launched after the Agadir Crisis in 1911 under the leadership of the Charles de Broqueville government. After several years of discussion, a major military reform bill was ratified by the parliament in 1913 by which the total possible strength of the army would be gradually increased from 180,000 to 350,000 men. Military spending also rose. This reform had only been partially implemented by the outbreak of war and Belgium's army was still considered to be weak by the German military leadership.
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