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The Universality and Surprises of Mutton
- Discover the wide popularity of mutton that transcends religions and cultures.
- Unveil surprising sheep cuisine from Paris to Sofia and the Middle East.
- Explore the origin and meaning behind expressions related to mutton.
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関連するQ&A
- 長文の訳お願いします！
結構長い英文なのですが、英語が得意な方翻訳お願いします。それか各小節の概要でも教えて頂けるとありがたいです。 The ancient city of Peshawar is located in Pakistan, close to the site of the earliest Buddhist sculptures. Sheep are abundant in that area. Medieval wooden homes line the dark streets, and here and there smoke rises from small restaurants nestled among the homes. All the restaurants serve sheep meat, or mutton. The meat is served grilled on skewers or as small steaks. The most delicious fragrance of all comes from kabobs. Kabob, also called kebab, means "grilled meat" in Arabic. The most common meat comes from sheep. The cheapest and best kabobs are found in small restaurants where the meat is grilled over charcoal. Chunks of meat are placccl on skewers and grilled over a charcoal fire. That's it. If the cook is skillful, the meat is moist, and melts in your mouth. Large restaurants will season the meat and cook it with onions, however, the authentic kabob is not even seasoned with salt. The quality of the meat determines the flavor, so small authentic restaurants are the best place for kabob. The word shish kabob comes from the Turkish language, and is understood just about everywhere. Sheeps meat is considered a great delicacy just about everywhere in the Middle East and Central Asia. The entire animal is eaten, including its innards stand alongside stalls selling mutton. There are corners where dozens of sheep's heads will be displayed for sale. The brains are considered the tastiest part of the animal, and area eaten boiled with a squirt of fresh lemon. In various regions throughout the Middle East and Central Asia, there is an annual rite in which sheep are sacrificed, and the meat is distributed to relatives and neighbors. It is said that in Pakistan, the finest hospitality is shown to company by killing a sheep in the morning and serving its brain in the evening. There is probably no meat as universally populer mutton. It cuts across religions and cultures. For example, Japanese research institute found that the traditionally picky Parisians consumed more sheep and duck than any other types of meat. A guest at a Parisian family dinner is likely to find a mouth-watering plate of roast leg of lanb on the bone in the center of the table. There are Japanese who claim to be put off by the smell of roast lamb, but that is probably because they have never smelled really fresh roast lamb. There are sometimes surprises in sheep cusine. There are many restaurants in Sofia, Bulgaria, specializing in sheep cusine, but if you cannnot read the Bulgarian menu and simply order "the specialty of the house," you are likely to end up with roast sheep's head. This is considered a Bulgarian delicacy, and the tastiest part of the sheep. The British English expression, "mutton dressed as lamb," goes back a long way. Mutton is meat from mature sheep, while lamb is meat from a young sheep. The phrase indicates an older woman who tries to make herself look young. The old English phrase "eat one's mutton with..." means "to dine with..." Sheep are not just for meat. In the Middle East, Europe, and elsewhere, sheep are free-range domestic animals who are loved for their cute cuddliness.
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- 英文翻訳おねがいします！
The ancient city of Peshawar is located in Pakistan, close to the site of the earliest Buddhist sculptures. Sheep are abundant in that area. Medieval wooden homes line the dark streets, and here and there smoke rises from small restaurants nestled among the homes. All the restaurants serve sheep meat, or mutton. The meat is served grilled on skewers or as small steaks. The most delicious fragrance of all comes from kabobs. Kabob, also called kebab, means "grilled meat" in Arabic. The most common meat comes from sheep. The cheapest and best kabobs are found in small restaurants where the meat is grilled over charcoal. Chunks of meat are placed on skewers and grilled over a charcoal fire. That's it. If the cook is skillful, the meat is moist, and melts in your mouth. Large restaurants will season the meat and cook it with onions, however, the authentic kabob is not even seasoned with salt. The quality of the meat determines the flavor, so small authentic restaurants are the best place for kabob. The word shish kabob comes from the Turkish language, and is understood just about everywhere. Sheep meat is considered a great delicacy just about everywhere in the Middle East and Central Asia. The entire animal is eaten, including its innards. In towns, stalls selling sheep innards stand alongside stalls selling mutton. There are corners where dozens of sheep's heads will be displayed for sale. The brains are considered the tastiest part of the animal, and are eaten boiled with a squirt of fresh lemon. In various regions throughout the Middle East and Central Asia, there is an annual rite in which sheep are sacrificed, and the meat is distributed to relatives and neighbors. It is said that in Pakistan, the finest hospitality is shown to company by killing a sheep in the morning, and serving its brains in the evening.
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Let's take a brief tour of a raw meat-eating region. Welcome to the polar region of Canada's Melville Peninsula. The native peoples used to be called Eskimos. This was a derogatory term given them by native peoples from the south, meaning raw meat eaters. They are the meat of caribou, seals, and walruses raw. "Meat" includes the innards, which are considered the most exquisite parts of the animals. You might remember seeing documentary films of lions going straight for the innards of their victims. Of course, in that frozen part of the world, fruits, vegetables, and grains are unobtainable. The native peoples do not suffer from scurvy, and in fact have glossy faces, thanks to their diet of raw meat. A japanese cultural anthropologist who lived among these northern people learned that because of the bland flavor of raw meat, it is possible to eat a lot of it at each meal as a staple food, in the same way Japanese eat rice. Some parts of the innards are bitter while other parts are sour, so if you chew on them as you eat the raw meat, the meat tastes "seasoned" and you never get tired of it. Horsemeat is called cherry meat or sakura-niku in Japan. It may mean that the color of the meat is as beautiful as that of cherry blossom. But it may also mean that horsemeat is a sort of fake meat, sold by con men to unsuspecting passers-by under an exotic-sounding name. Take your choise as to which is the truth. There are those who love horsemeat for its deliciously light flavor. There are few restaurants that serve authentic tartar steak made from horsemeat. Most people do not realize that horsemeat is "the real thing", and that there is no reason to discriminate against it. Where food is concerned, when all is said and done, likes and dislikes are just a matter of taste.
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It was in the late 1970s, after the end of the Vietnam War that the Boat People made news. These were Vietnamese refugees who fled by boat to Thailand, the Philippines, Japan, and Indonesia, and from there tried to get to America, Australia, and Canada. One day, there was a shocking news story out of Melbourne: two Vietnamese Baot People had been arrested and tried in court on charges of killing and eating local dogs. Most East Asian cultures eat dogs, but this custom has been especially common in China. In ancient times, both emperors and commoners ate dog meat, and sacrificed dogs in religious services. Later on, dogs became associated with loyalty, and people stopped eating them. Even so, dog meat is still widely eaten in South China. Eating dog meat is common in both Koreas. In recent times, the culture of eating dog meat was restored under the contemporary slogan. "Return to Traditional Chinese Ways." Methods of preparing dog meat in both Koreas are given in detail in classical cookbooks, and include simmering, steaming, and grilling. Nowadays, dog meat is bought in stores and cooked at home. You can buy it in drugstores and in markets in Seoul. It's a little more pricey than beef, but the quality of the dog meat is very good. If you simmer it like sukiyaki, bubbles rise out of the meat, and the smell is divine. What about Vietnam, the home of the Boat People? There are a lot of specialty shops selling dog meat, and they fill up with customers around dinner time. There are spit-roasted dogs minus their heads and paws hanging in shop windows, and they look delicious. It's just like the South China restaurants, where mouth-watering ducks and chickens are hung in shop windows to attract customers. The Korean shops sell only cooked meat. The meat is eaten together with raw vegetables, and washed down with a local liquor like shochu. This is considered a healthy meal. The meat from these shops is cheaper than beef, and is eaten by the average family
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Tartar steak is well-known as one of the highlights of German cuisine. Raw meat is chopped and lightly seasoned, then kneaded into the shape of a steak. Place the yolk of an egg on top, and there you have it: tartar steak. This seems the simplest of dishes to prepare, something anyone can make. Originally, the Tartars prepared this dish from the tough, raw meat of the horses they raised on the Mongolian and Central Asian plains. Tartar steak entered Europe via Russia in the 13th century. Nowadays, the dish is made with beef, especially in Germany, although the dish originally called for horsemeat. The fact that the Tartars gave their name to the dish should leave no doubt that horsemeat was used. Many mammals are used for food. In the list of mammals used for food, cow and pig are followed by horse and camel, and they are used in every imaginable way. In Japan, horses are practically part of the landscape in Nagano, while in France, horsemeat is a popular food. Camels are used for meat in the Middle East and Africa even more than in Central Asia. The camel-owning nomadic tribes distributed throughout these desert regions live on camel meat, camel milk, and dates. The poetic picture of camels plodding silently across the burning desert is, in fact, more likely to be a funeral procession for the camels than a caravan, as they are being led to market to be sold for meat. Horses and camels are primarily used for riding and as beasts of burden, but their precious meat is frequently eaten. With the exception of France, most European nations do not eat horsemeat, probably because horses are valued for riding. The main characteristic of tartar steak is the fact that the maet is raw. Thousands of yaers ago, before they learned to control fire, all human beings, whether they were Mongoloid, Caucasian or Negroid, ate their meat raw. Generally, fresh raw meat is better for health than stewed or grilled meat.
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- 英文の翻訳お願いします。
It was in the late 1970s, after the end of the Vietnam War that the Boat People made news. These were Vietnamese refugees who fled by boat to Thailand, the Philippines, Japan, and Indonesia, and from there tried to get to America, Australia, and Canada. One day, there was a shocking news story out of Melbourne: two Vietnamese Baot People had been arrested and tried in court on charges of killing and eating local dogs. Most East Asian cultures eat dogs, but this custom has been especially common in China. In ancient times, both emperors and commoners ate dog meat, and sacrificed dogs in religious services. Later on, dogs became associated with loyalty, and people stopped eating them. Even so, dog meat is still widely eaten in South China. Eating dog meat is common in both Koreas. In recent times, the culture of eating dog meat was restored under the contemporary slogan. "Return to Traditional Chinese Ways." Methods of preparing dog meat in both Koreas are given in detail in classical cookbooks, and include simmering, steaming, and grilling. Nowadays, dog meat is bought in stores and cooked at home. You can buy it in drugstores and in markets in Seoul. It's a little more pricey than beef, but the quality of the dog meat is very good. If you simmer it like sukiyaki, bubbles rise out of the meat, and the smell is divine. What about Vietnam, the home of the Boat People? There are a lot of specialty shops selling dog meat, and they fill up with customers around dinner time. There are spit-roasted dogs minus their heads and paws hanging in shop windows, and they look delicious. It's just like the South China restaurants, where mouth-watering ducks and chickens are hung in shop windows to attract customers. The Korean shops sell only cooked meat. The meat is eaten together with raw vegetables, and washed down with a local liquor like shochu. This is considered a healthy meal. The meat from these shops is cheaper than beef, and is eaten by the average family. There are also cat-eating cultures. I heard that there were several cat restaurants in Hanoi, Vietnam, so I went to investigate. They do exist, but barely; the government has banned them. The government said it issued this ban on eating cats because the decrease in the cat population has led to an increase in the rat population. This situation is a threat to community health. It was literally a case of, "When the cat's away, the mice will play." Anyway, that's how popular cat meat is. The government's policy is to enforce the ban until the cat population returns to its original size and can control the rat population. The reason for eating cats in China is explained with typical Chinese logic. Dragons and tigers are venerated as symbols of strength. Thus, if you can eat one, no power on Earth will be capable of resisting you. The trouble is, drgons are imaginary animals, and cannot be eaten. Tigers were once abundant, but can hardly be found now. So in place of dragons, the Chinese eat snakes, and in place of tigers, they eat cats. This is especially true of the culinary culture in South China. To return to the news from Melbourne: Australia, a Western society, was flabbergasted by the news that the men had eaten dogs. After all, this is a nation descended from the passionate dog and cat lovers of Britain! At the same time, other Boat People were also astonished. In Vietnam, dogs kept as pets are considered tasteless, and no one would eat them. The dogs the arrested men ate must have been strays. Looked at in that way, you can understand that they felt themselves innocent of any crime. No one knows what became of the two arrested men afterward. Anyway, it's important to understand that the problem lies in differences of cultures and values. It's the difference between two cultures: one that eats dogs and one that doesn't. But no one can say one side is definitely right and the other is wrong. The problem is not so easy.
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Frog meat is white with a light flavor. If you feel like trying some, don't eat it in France. It's way too expensive. Instead, if you happen to be going to Southeast Asia or South China, pop into any local restaurant. Frogs for food are now being raised in paddies, and you can eat a plateful of frog legs very cheaply. One more favorite French food that Japanese and Americans avoid is rabbit. Rabbit meat is extremely low in fat. Rabbit meat as a health food first spread from small restaurants and households, until today it is featured on the menus of upscale restaurants. Rabbits are raised for food on a large scale. Go to just about any Parisian market and you will see rows of whole rabbits including the heads. You roast them just like that. The rabbit's liver is usually sold separately, because many people prefer it to chicken liver. The Japanese find nothing appealing about eating snails, frogs, or rabbit's, and there are probably those who would rather die than try to eat any one of them. They probably think that this "backward" and low-class food is suited to people in developing countries. However, they would change their minds and sample the foods if they knew that it is the gastronomically respected French who enjoy them. Funny, isn't it?
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- 至急、翻訳お願いします。
至急、翻訳お願いします。 どなたか至急翻訳して頂けませんか？ 長文で申し訳ありませんが、自分では訳せず困っています。。 よろしくお願いします。 Meat， game and poultry Following the healdlscares of recent years， your best bet is to choose organic beef approved by Soil Assodation farmers who maintain organic standards, use natural food with which to feed their cattle and no giowth-promoting drugs， and who are ultimately concerned with animal we1fare.The best beef comes from animals that are about eighteen months old,but this must be matured,or‘hung',for ten to twenty days at low temperatures in 'order to tenderise it and improve its flavour and keeping qualities. The lean meat on Properly hung beef should be a deep-plum-red colour and slightly moist. lt should have a good outer covering of fat， creamy to pale yellow in colour and of firm texture. The tastiest and healthiest pork comes from pigs that have been kept outside and allowed the freedom to live as natural a life as possible.The best pork should be pink, smooth and firm to the touch;freshly cut surfaces should look sligtly moist and there should be no excessive fat.The fat should be firm and a clear， milky white in colour; avoid cuts with soft, grey and oily fat. The skin, or rind, should be thin, pliable, smooth and free of hairs. Choosing good lamb is relatively simple. Lambs cannot be factory farmed and their Pasture is not normally sprayed, so most lamb is free from chemical residues.The time of year when slaughtering takes place affects the appearance of the meat: good-quality, winter lamb is dark red, with creamy;marbled fat， while spring lamb is slightly lighter (dark pink), with white fat. Although many types of game are commercially frozen and therefore available all year round， the flavour is at its best in freshly killed and well-hung game,which is available in autumn and winter. It is best to purchase game from a reputable butcher who knows the origins and hanging times of the meat that he is selling．
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- 英文の翻訳をお願いいたします
どなたか以下の英文を翻訳できる方が居ましたらぜひお願いいたします。 As this book seeks to demonstrate, the visual world and its producers, its users and its designers, are engaged in a heated debate over the status of design - who has ownership of it, who is qualified to do it, and how we receive and interpret it, It is in a period of evolution, and requires more developed and rigorous understanding. It may seem odd to say this , but whatever your view of the discussion in this chapter, it should ve clear that design is not simp;y a visual medium; it is a social and, as we have identified, a political one. It just happens to be most apparent visually in the messages sent to us by commerce, media and government, and the subtler but equally important messages we send each other in our everyday practices. Like an iceberg, 90 per cent of visual communication is hidden beneath the surface. And, just like an iceberg, it is the invisible 90 per cent that provides the raw power of visual communication. So, there we end this overview of some of the key ideas that are involved in the study and under standing of visual communication and its relationship with design. Undoubtedly, like some of the practitioners interviewed for the book, you will disagree with some of it. Hopefully some of it will have challenged your own positon on this subject.
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以下の15の英文法を日本語訳をお願いします。 ・Anyone who bought a Windows PC automatically acquired Explorer along with it. ・For this who believe in the benefits of competition, the dominance of Internet Explorer is an unfortunate development. ・The word "geek"is used to refer to young people who are specifically interested in computer technology. ・The point at which the air cannot hold any more water is called the saturation point. ・there are now an estimated 350 on‐line games, the most popular of which have 300,000 subscribers, each paying a monthly fee to keep their place in the game. ・For one, there is young people's greater economic power, which has enabled them to buy the expensive electronic goods that are the backbone of their hobbies. Declining birthrates mean that most couples have on average only one or two children, which means that parents have more money to lavish on their children (grandparents can afford to be more generous, too). Another factor for the rise of the otaku is the rapid development of computer technology, which is particularly attractive to boys and young men. ・This research was linked to another study in which it was found that the Inuit people of Alaska rarely suffer from cerebral thrombosis or heart attacks, which are believed to be caused by the intake of too much fat. ・Fish oil is rich in DHA and EPA, both of which are examples of a special group of fats called the omega-3 fatty acids. ・The properties of an element are determined by the number of electrons in an atom, which is called the atomic number. ・Mass, which is the quantity of matter in a body, also determines the amount of inertia an object has. ・The rocket expels gases, which then exert an equal and opposite force propelling the rocket forward. ・People worry especially that it is too early to release gm organisms into the environment where they could do much number. ・The day may come when we will be able to clone animals for food and medical purposes. ・Most of what we know about the world comes to us through our ability to "see" with our eyes, our telescopes, and our microscopes. ・He therefore concluded that whenever there is a force pushing in one direction, there is another force pushing back. 長い英文で多いですが全て関係詞に関する英文です。 日本語訳お願いします。
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