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- bakansky
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・単語の意味を調べましょう。 An overwhelming (圧倒的な) imperative (責務) to rebuild (再建する), augmented (増える) by Cold War (冷戦), united (結びつける) Western Europe (西欧) and pushed (押す) West Germany (西ドイツ) center stage (表舞台). ・それらの意味をつないでみましょう。 再建するための圧倒的な責務 冷戦によって増える 西欧を結びつける 西ドイツを表舞台に押す ・文の構造を見てみましょう。 An overwhelming imperative to rebuild → 主語 augmented by Cold War → 主語を修飾している united Western Europe → 述語の部分 and pushed West Germany center stage → これも述語の部分 ・原文を参照しながら、全体としてまとまった文になるように日本語文を調整しましょう。 → 再建への大きな責務が冷戦によって増大し、西欧諸国を結びつけ、西ドイツを表舞台へと押し上げた。 ・できればさらにその文までの文脈を考慮に入れて、自然な日本語の文になるように調整すると、もっといいと思います。
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Additionally, Germany and France have been the drivers of a more united Europe. That was the lofty ambition championed in the 1980s and 1990s by Germany's Helmut Kohl and France's Francois Mitterrand — continental Europe's dominant leaders of that era. They shared a common vision of using economic unity as a safeguard against another tragedy like the Second World War. But in this era where the global economy makes countries interdependent as never before, some have begun to question whether Europe needs such rigid economic ligatures to ensure that the continent never again plunges into war.
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Normandy Invasion was during World War II, the Allied invasion of western Europe, which was launched on June 6, 1944. The Allied invasion of Normandy was the first stage of the larger Operation Overlord, intended to liberate Western Europe after nearly four years of German occupation. こちらの２つの文なのですが、、westernのWが大文字と小文字で表現されています。 何か違いがあるのでしょうか？
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The Zimmermann Telegram (or Zimmermann Note) was an internal diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the event of the United States' entering World War I against Germany. The proposal was intercepted and decoded by British intelligence. Revelation of the contents enraged American public opinion, especially after the German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann publicly admitted the telegram was genuine on 3 March, and helped generate support for the United States declaration of war on Germany in April. The message came in the form of a coded telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on 11 January 1917. The message was sent to the German ambassador to Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt.
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Anticipating a retaliatory declaration of war from Russia's closest western ally, France, Germany put into action the Schlieffen Plan. Under this military strategy, formulated by Count Schlieffen in 1905, Germany would launch a lightning attack on France through the poorly defended Low Countries. This would bypass France's main defences, arranged to the south. Germany's army would be able to encircle Paris, force France to surrender, and turn its full attention to the Eastern Front.
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- western と European and American まったく同じ意味なのですか？
「西洋の」は、western または Eurpopean and Americanと英訳されますが、厳密にいえばこの二つは多少意味に違いがあるとか、使い方にルールがあるのでしょうか？たとえば、 １）「西洋の文化」 は通常western culture ですが、「欧米の文化」となると、European and American cultureと訳してしまいそうなのですが、「欧米の文化」をwestern cultureと訳してもまったく問題ないのでしょうか。それとも、西洋はthe WestとEurope and the U.S.どちらでもいいが、欧米となるとEurope and the U.S. のほうが好ましいとか、そのようなルールはあるのでしょうか。 ご存知の方がおりましたら教えてください。宜しくおねがいします。
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Colonies and dependencies Main article: German colonial empire Europe Upon its founding in 1871, the German Empire controlled Alsace-Lorraine as an "imperial territory" incorporated from France after the Franco-Prussian War. It was held as part of Germany's sovereign territory. Africa Germany held multiple African colonies at the time of World War I. All of Germany's African colonies were invaded and occupied by Allied forces during the war. Cameroon, German East Africa, and German Southwest Africa were German colonies in Africa. Togoland was a German protectorate in Africa.
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＜ヨーロッパ難民についての話です＞ 日本語→「ドイツのバイエルン州は、内戦が続くシリアなどからドイツに流入した難民や移民が、2015年までで100万人に達したと明らかにしている。」 英語→ 「The state of Bayern in Germany clarified that refugees and immigrants who flowed into Germany reached 1 million by 2015 from Syria and other countries which continue civil war. 」 日本語を英文にしたのであっているか見て欲しいです。 よろしくお願いします。
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This caused Great Britain to declare war against the German Empire, as the action violated the Treaty of London that both nations signed in 1839 guaranteeing Belgian neutrality and defense of the kingdom if a nation reneged. Subsequently several states declared war on Germany, in late August 1914; Italy declaring war on Austria-Hungary in 1915 and Germany on August 27, 1916; the United States declaring war on Germany on April 6, 1917 and Greece declaring war on Germany in July 1917.
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At midnight on 31 July – 1 August, the German government sent an ultimatum to Russia and announced a state of "Kriegsgefahr" during the day; the Turkish government ordered mobilisation and the London Stock Exchange closed. On 1 August the British government ordered the mobilisation of the navy, the German government ordered general mobilisation and declared war on Russia. Hostilities commenced on the Polish frontier, the French government ordered general mobilisation and next day the German government sent an ultimatum to Belgium, demanding passage through Belgian territory, as German troops crossed the frontier of Luxembourg. Military operations began on the French frontier, Libau was bombarded by a German light cruiser SMS Augsburg and the British government guaranteed naval protection for French coasts. On 3 August the Belgian Government refused German demands and the British Government guaranteed military support to Belgium, should Germany invade. Germany declared war on France, the British government ordered general mobilisation and Italy declared neutrality. On 4 August the British government sent an ultimatum to Germany and declared war on Germany at midnight on 4–5 August, Central European Time. Belgium severed diplomatic relations with Germany and Germany declared war on Belgium. German troops crossed the Belgian frontier and attacked Liège.
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辞書をつかっても訳サイトをつかっても自然な訳ができません。 英語のできる方お願いいたします。 On Sunday, April 12, 1961, at 12:01 a.m., traffic from East Berlin to West Berlin was stopped. Millions woke up hours later to find that 10,000 soldiers and police officers had put up a wall of barbed wire across the city. 68 of the 81 crossing points were closed. 12 railway lines were shut down. All 193 streets that crossed from East Berlin to West Berlin were divided. Operation Rose had gone into effect, and not long after, a wall replaced the barbed wire. For the next 28 years, Berlin stayed divided into two cities. The wall was built by the East German government to keep its citizens from escaping to West Germany. However, even the wall could not keep all of the citizens out of West Berlin. East Germans tried to get out: over, under, and through the heavily guarded wall. Conrad Schumann was one of the first to leave. The 19-year-old soldier came from the countryside to Bernauer Strasse to protect the border. People from both the West and East shouted at him as he stood on the corner. The young soldier stayed there all afternoon, smoking cigarette after cigarette, holding his rifle nervously. Then, he suddenly threw down his cigarette, rifle, and ran full speed toward the dangerous wire. The athletic soldier just cleared the wire, as if jumping over a high hurdle, and was in the West. Within 36 hours, nine more guards had joined him. In fact, by the end of that year, 3041 people tried to get out of East Germany. No one tried to get in. 22-year-old Harry Seidel was a cycling champion in East Germany. Forced to take drugs to improve his athletic performance, Seidel left for the West. After the wall went up, Seidel began digging tunnels. He started from a small garden in a home on Heidelbergerstrasse in West Berlin. Within weeks, he had dug an 8O cm wide tunnel that came up in East Berlin. 54 people got through the tunnel t0 the West. He made several more tunnels and helped large numbers of East Berliners leave the country. In November 1962, however, he was arrested and put in an East German prison. On December 5, 1961, Harry Deterling, 27, made a sensational escape. A train driver, he decided to try crashing through a station that had been blocked off. He carefully recruited 24 people for “the last train to freedom.” In fact, he was not sure whether the train would break through the barrier. Traveling at full speed, his train was met by a shower of bullets. No one was injured, however, and Deterling and his family settled in West Berlin. It might surprise people that 227 people died during the 28 years that the Berlin Wall stood. However, when we think about other countries that were divided during the 20th century because of political or religious reasons, such as N orth-South Korea; North-South Vietnam; Northern-Southern Ireland, the number is amazingly low. Moreover, when we look at Germany today, it should seem remarkable at how smoothly the country has come back together again. Invisible walls continue to separate people all over the world; let us hope that these, too, come crashing down one day.
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