Participants in 'A Study of Memory' Show Astonishing Obedience to Authority

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  • In a study of memory, participants were recruited through a newspaper. They were told to play the role of a teacher and teach word pairs to a learner. The teachers were instructed to deliver electric shocks to the learner for each error made. The experiment revealed that a staggering 65% of the subjects obeyed the instructions and continued to deliver shocks up to 450 volts, despite the learner's protests.
  • A study of memory was conducted using participants recruited through a newspaper. The participants acted as teachers and were tasked with teaching word pairs to a learner. The shocking finding of the study was that 65% of the subjects obeyed the instructions to deliver electric shocks to the learner, even at extreme intensity levels. The study highlights the power of authority and the willingness of ordinary people to go to great lengths when instructed.
  • Recruited through a newspaper, participants in a study of memory were asked to act as teachers and teach word pairs to a learner. They were instructed to deliver electric shocks for errors made by the learner. Astonishingly, 65% of the subjects continued to administer shocks up to 450 volts, despite the pleas of the learner. The results demonstrate the striking obedience that ordinary people exhibit when directed by authority figures.
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下記の文章の翻訳をお願いします。

members of the public, recruited through a newspaper, participated in 'a study of memory'. subjects were told that they would play the role of 'teacher' and would be teaching a series of word pairs to a 'learner'. teachers were instructed to press a lever to deliver an electric shock to the learner, for every error made. teachers saw the learner being strapped into an electrically wired chair with an electrode placed on the wrist, and were convinced of the generator's authenticity by being given a sample shock of 45 volts. then, seated in front of the generator with 30 switchers ranging from '15 volts-mild shock' to '450 volts-danger:severe shock', teachers were told to move up a level for each error made. the experimenter remained in the room throughout. in reality, the learner was an actor who did not receive chocks but who had been trained to respond as if he did, and briefed to make many errors. as the shocks became stronger, the actor began to shout and curse. at the level market 'extreme intensity shock' the actor went quiet and no longer answered questions. not surprisingly, many of the subjects objected and asked to stop the experiment. the experimenter instructed them to continue. a staggering 65 per cent of the subjects continued right to the end of the shock series (450 volts) and none stopped before 300 volts (when the actor began to kick the adjoining wall). the results of this experiment suggest that ordinary people will go very far indeed when they are told to by someone in a position of authority. 文頭も小文字にしています。 一応改行はしましたが見辛いかもしれません。 誤字などがありましたらすみません。 よろしくお願いします。

  • 英語
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  • ddeana
  • ベストアンサー率74% (2976/4019)
回答No.3

これは有名なミルグラム実験に関する文章だと思いましたので、それに沿ってみました。 http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E5%AE%9F%E9%A8%93 新聞を通して集められた一般人が「記憶に関する研究」に参加しました。 被験者には、彼らが「教師役」となり、「生徒役」に対になった単語集を教えるのですと伝えられました。 教師役は、一度間違えるごとに、生徒役に電気ショックを与えるレバーを押すように指示されました。 教師役は生徒役が手首に電極を取り付けた状態でイスに縛り付けられてを見てから、45ボルトの電気ショックをサンプルとして与えられ、発電機が本物であると確信させられたのでした。 その後、教師役は「15ボルトの軽度のショック」から「450ボルトの激烈で命に危険なショック」まで30段階に切り替わる発電機の前に座って、一度間違えるごとに(電流の)レベルを上げるよう告げられました。 監視役(※1)は実験中部屋にいました。 実のところ生徒役はショックを受けておらず、あたかもショックを与えられたかのように反応するよう練習していた俳優であり、沢山間違えるようにと前もって指示されていたのでした。 ショックが強くなるにつれ、俳優は叫び、悪態をつき始めました。 「最大級のショック」レベルで俳優は静かになり、もはや何も答えなくなりました。 予想通り、被験者の多くが異議をとなえ実験の中止を要請しました。 監視役は(実験を)継続するよう指示しました。 被験者のなんと65%もが最終電圧(450ボルト)まで実験を続け、誰も300ボルト(俳優が隣接している壁を蹴り始めた時)より前で辞めなかったのでした。 この実験の結果は、ごく普通の人々が権威をもった誰かに指示された時、実際にやりすぎた行動をすることを示しているのです。 ※1:研究などでは立会い人がいる場合があり、そういった場合、experimenterは実際の実験を計画した人ではない場合もあります。ミルグラム実験では、教授に見える監視役も準備していましたので、このように訳しました。

hpiroy
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お礼

回答していただきありがとうございます。 英語の全訳課題だったのですが、詳細まで書いていただけたことや、言い回しなども非常に勉強になりました。とても役立ちました。ありがとうございました。

その他の回答 (2)

  • sayshe
  • ベストアンサー率77% (4555/5904)
回答No.2

#1.です。訂正です。 【4番目の文】 teachers saw the learner being strapped into an electrically wired chair with an electrode placed on the wrist, and were convinced of the generator's authenticity by being given a sample shock of 45 volts. 先生は、学習者が、電極を手首に付けて電線につながれた椅子に結びつけられ、45ボルトのサンプル・ショックを与えられて、発電機が本物であることを確信させられるのを見ました。 ⇒先生は、学習者が、電極を手首に付けて電線につながれた椅子に結びつけられるのを見ました、そして、45ボルトのサンプル・ショックを与えられて、発電機が本物であることを確信しました。 に訂正します。失礼しました。

hpiroy
質問者

お礼

一番初めに回答いただき、訂正まで載せてくださってありがとうございます。これからもこちらを活用させていただくと思いますので、見かけた際にはまたぜひお力をお貸しいただけたら嬉しく思います。本当にありがとうございました。

  • sayshe
  • ベストアンサー率77% (4555/5904)
回答No.1

一般参加者は、新聞を使って募集され、『記憶の研究』に参加しました。 被験者は、彼らが『先生』の役割を演じて、『学習者』に一連の対になった単語を教えることになると、告げられました。 先生は、学習者が間違えるたびに、学習者に電気ショックを与えるレバーを押すように指示されました。 先生は、学習者が、電極を手首に付けて電線につながれた椅子に結びつけられ、45ボルトのサンプル・ショックを与えられて、発電機が本物であることを確信させられるのを見ました。 それから、『15ボルトの穏やかなショック』から『450ボルトの危険で:厳しいショック』までの30個の切り替え装置のついた発電機の前に着席させられ、先生は、間違いがあるごとにレベルを上げるように言われました。 実験の主催者は、ずっと部屋に残りました。 実際は、学習者は、ショックを受けないのに、まるで彼がショックを受けたかのように反応するように訓練された俳優で、たくさん間違えるようにと言う簡単な指示を受けていました。 ショックが、より強くなるにつれて、俳優は叫んで、ののしり始めました。 『極度に強いショック』と記されたレベルでは、俳優は静かになって、質問にもはや答えませんでした。 もっともなことですが、被験者の多くが、反対意見を述べ、実験を止めるように頼みました。 実験の主催者は、彼らに続けるように指示しました。 驚異的な65パーセントの被験者が、一連のショックの正に最終段階(450ボルト)まで、続けました、そして、(俳優が隣接している壁をけり始める)300ボルト以前に止める人は誰もいませんでした。 この実験の結果は、普通の人々が、権限のある立場にいる誰かによって、指示される時、普通の人々が、実に行きすぎた行動をすると言うことを、示しています。

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