英文の和訳をお願いします
- 203人中2/3は女性で、その半数が未亡人でした。およそ1/5は生存する子供がいませんでした。
- メインのインタビューは平均約2時間かかりました。インタビューでは短い回答を求める形式的な質問ではなく、ガイド付きの会話が行われました。インタビュースケジュールが作成され、詳細なメモが取られました。
- 家族に関する情報は、多くの場合入手が難しくなりました。それは親族の数が非常に多いため、または人々が元気がない、耳が遠い、忘れっぽい、または意欲がないためです。しかし、このような困難を過大評価するべきではありません。ほとんどの人々は非常に寛大であり、質問に答えを見つけるために努力しました。
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翻訳サイトだと意味がおかしくなるので質問しました。 Of the 203 people interviewed two-thirds were women, half of them widowed. Just under a firth had no surviving children. Table 1 outlines the numbers of different marital status, distinguishing those without children. The main interview lasted for an average of about two hours. After an explanation of the reasons for the call, the interview itself was not so much a search for short answers to formal questions as a guided conversation. An interview schedule was taken out and extensive notes taken. A kinship diagram was drawn for each informant, the Christian names, ages, occupations, and districts oof residence of husband or wife, children, grandchildren, brothers and sisters, and so on being noted down, together with an estimate of the frequency of contact with each of them. Information about the family often proved difficult to obtain sometimes because the number of relatives was very large, sometimes because people were infirm, deaf, forgetful, or unwilling. Too much should not be made of such difficulties. Most people were remarkably generous and indulgent and went to great lengths to find an answer to questions - searching out birth certificates, funeral cards, family photos, insurance agreements, and supplementary assistance books. The kinship diagram usually gave information about more than fifty relatives, including all those in frequent touch with the old person. Facts about income, health, household management, retirement, neighbours, and friends were also sought. After the interview a report of from two to four thousand words was written. A further note on method, together with examples of interview-reports, will be found at the end of this book. In the illustrations from interviews throughout the text fictitious names have been used and details have been altered to prevent identification. In the quotations no attempt has been made to convey dialect. Apart from a few early interviews all the people were seen between October 1954 and November 1995. I interviewed 160 myself and the remainder were interviewed by my colleague, Peter Marris. Nearly all were visited a second time, some three, four, or more times, partly to secure additional information. Separate interviews were also obtained with some relatives of the chief informants.
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質問者が選んだベストアンサー
インタビューした203人の3分の2は女性で、そのうちの半分は未亡人でした。5分の1を少し下回る人は子供がすでに死亡していました。表１は子供の有無を区別した上で、違った婚姻関係の数をまとめたものです。 主要インタビューは平均2時間行われました。訪問理由の説明後のインタビューは、会話練習のような決まった質問に短く答えるといったものとはまったく違ったものでした。インタビュースケジュールを超えてものすごく膨大な量のメモが集められました。クリスチャンネーム、年齢、職業、加えて夫もしくは妻の居住地、子供、孫、兄弟姉妹などについて書き留められたものとそれらの人々が接触する頻度予測もあわせて、個別の情報提供者につき親族図が作成されました。 時折、親戚数があまりに多かったり、インタビューを受ける人々が寝たきりだったり、耳がきこえなかったり、記憶力が落ちていたり、インタビューを嫌がったりということが起ると家族に関する情報を得ることは難しいことでした。そのようなトラブルを避けるためにインタビューの無理強いはしていません。ほとんどの人々は極めて寛大で優しく、辛抱強く答えてくれましたー出生証明書、葬儀通知、家族写真、保険契約書、さらには補足説明の手助けになる書籍を探し出しながら答えてくれました。親族図は高齢者と頻繁に連絡を取り合う人々をすべて含んだ50以上の血縁者に関する情報を示しました。収入、健康状態、家計管理、定年退職、隣人、友人などの現実についても調査されました。インタビュー後、2,000～4,000語にまとめられたレポートが作成されました。インタビューレポートの沢山の例と供に調査方法に関する補足説明はこの本の最後に記載しています。本文中インタビューによる実例紹介においては偽名を使用し、詳細についても個人が特定されないよう変更を加えています。引用文では方言を使用していません。 初期のインタビューとは別に、全員が1954年10月から1995年11月までの間について考えました。私自身も自分に160項目インタビューし、残りの項目については同僚のピーター・マリスにインタビューしてもらいました。一部追加情報を手に入れる為に、ほとんど全員を2回訪問し、中には3回、4回もしくはそれ以上訪問した人もいました。最重要情報提供者の親戚たちとの別個インタビューも実施されました。
関連するQ&A
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The treaty was comprehensive and complex in the restrictions imposed upon the post-war German armed forces (the Reichswehr). The provisions were intended to make the Reichswehr incapable of offensive action and to encourage international disarmament. Germany was to demobilize sufficient soldiers by 31 March 1920 to leave an army of no more than 100,000 men in a maximum of seven infantry and three cavalry divisions. The treaty laid down the organisation of the divisions and support units, and the General Staff was to be dissolved. Military schools for officer training were limited to three, one school per arm, and conscription was abolished. Private soldiers and non-commissioned officers were to be retained for at least twelve years and officers for a minimum of 25 years, with former officers being forbidden to attend military exercises. To prevent Germany from building up a large cadre of trained men, the number of men allowed to leave early was limited.The number of civilian staff supporting the army was reduced and the police force was reduced to its pre-war size, with increases limited to population increases; paramilitary forces were forbidden. The Rhineland was to be demilitarized, all fortifications in the Rhineland and 50 kilometres (31 miles) east of the river were to be demolished and new construction was forbidden. Military structures and fortifications on the islands of Heligoland and Düne were to be destroyed. Germany was prohibited from the arms trade, limits were imposed on the type and quantity of weapons and prohibited from the manufacture or stockpile of chemical weapons, armoured cars, tanks and military aircraft. The German navy was allowed six pre-dreadnought battleships and was limited to a maximum of six light cruisers (not exceeding 6,000 long tons (6,100 t)), twelve destroyers (not exceeding 800 long tons (810 t)) and twelve torpedo boats (not exceeding 200 long tons (200 t)) and was forbidden submarines. The manpower of the navy was not to exceed 15,000 men, including manning for the fleet, coast defences, signal stations, administration, other land services, officers and men of all grades and corps. The number of officers and warrant officers was not allowed to exceed 1,500 men. Germany surrendered eight battleships, eight light cruisers, forty-two destroyers, and fifty torpedo boats for decommissioning. Thirty-two auxiliary ships were to be disarmed and converted to merchant use. Article 198 prohibited Germany from having an air force, including naval air forces, and required Germany to hand over all aerial related materials. In conjunction, Germany was forbidden to manufacture or import aircraft or related material for a period of six months following the signing of the treaty.
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翻訳サイトだと意味がおかしくなるので質問しました。 少し量多いですが… They are not easy questions to answer. One area was sought in which a detailed study could be made. The metropolitan borough of Bethnal Green was chosen, partly because a companion inquiry into family life had already started there, undertaken by my colleagues, Michael Young and Peter Willmott. In many respects the two studies are complementary. One considers family life through the eyes oof middle-aged couples with children and the other largely through the eyes of the elderly. Both lay great emphasis on intensive interviews with random samples of the population. The two studies were planned together but the subsequent work was carried out, and the reports written up, independently. My colleagues and I have, quite deliberately, made no attempt to reconcile the findings in the two books. Since our chief informants belonged to different age-groups, the impressions we gained were also bound to be different. Any reader(if there be any with the stamina) who studies both books side by side will therefore notice the disagreement on certain subject as well as the great measure of agreement on most of the important features of the local kinship system. The borough where the studies were carried out is relatively small, is near central London, and has a predominantly working-class population. In 1951 fourteen per cent of the people were of pensionable age - the same proportion as for the Country of London and England and Wales. The borough had lost population to new housing estates on the outskirts of London, and a small minority of people were Jewish. With these two reservations there was no reason to suppose that family life would be very different from that in other long-settled working-class urban areas. After trial interviews had been carried out in Westminster and Hampstead the names of individuals of pensionable age in Bethnal Green were obtained at random from the records of general practitioners. Seven of the general practices in the borough were themselves selected at random for this purpose. The procedure was to work through the medical cards for all patients on a doctor's list, picking out every tenth card and, where the card referred to a man aged sixty-five or over, a woman aged sixty or over, or a person whose age was not specified, to note down the name and address. After eliminating those who were subsequently found to be below pensionable age(or to have died before the sample was drawn) 261 names remained. The result of visits paid to all the addresses was as follows.
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英文の和訳で困っています 和訳を教えていただきたいです よろしくお願いします！！ Immediately to the south of this was a large open space surrounded by a colonnade, perhaps to be interpreted as a gymnasium, and to the northwest was a small palaestra. Two blocks to the north, the Stabian Baths occupied a strategic position next to the intersection of two of the major arterial routes, the strada Stabiana and the via dell’ Abbondanza. Public baths were an amenity increasingly essential to the life-style of Campanian and other south-Italian communities, and a central location was advantageous at a time when very few private householders had adequate bathing facilities on their own premises. Apart from these buildings we can say little about the public landscape of the city before 80 BC. The arrival of the Roman colonists, however, led to a number of clear-cut developments: an influx of veteran soldiers with different social and cultural priorities demanded the provision of a number of buildings that were not previously available.
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On 4 June 1918, Azerbaijan and the Ottoman Empire signed a treaty of friendship and cooperation, clause 4 of which held that the Ottoman Empire would provide military assistance to Azerbaijan, if such assistance was required for maintaining peace and security in the country. Prelude The Ottoman Islamic Army of the Caucasus was under the command of Nuri Pasha. It was formed in Ganja. It included the Ottoman 5th Caucasian and 15th divisions, and the Azerbaijani Muslim Corps under general Ali-Agha Shikhlinski. There were roughly 14,000 Ottoman troops with 500 cavalrymen and 40 pieces of artillery. 30% of the newly formed army consisted of Ottoman soldiers, the rest being Azerbaijani forces and volunteers from Dagestan. The Baku forces were commanded by the former Tsarist General Dokuchaev, with his Armenian Chief of Staff, Colonel Avetisov. Under their command were about 6,000 Centrocaspian Dictatorship troops of the Baku Army or Baku Battalions. The vast majority of the troops in this force were Armenians, though there were some Russians among them. Their artillery comprised some 40 field guns. Most of the Baku Soviet troops and practically all their officers were Armenians of Dashnak leanings, and often outright Dashnaks. One of the Red Army commanders was the notorious Amazasp, who had fought as a guerrilla leader against the Turks, and for whom any Muslim was an enemy simply because he was a Muslim. The British mission, Dunsterforce, was headed by Major-General Lionel Dunsterville, who had arrived to take command of the mission force in Baghdad on 18 January 1918. The first members of the force were already assembled. Dunsterville set out from Baghdad on 27 January 1918, with four NCOs and batmen in 41 Ford vans and cars. The British troops in battle under Dunsterville numbered roughly 1,000. They were supported by a field artillery battery, machine gun section, three armoured cars, and two airplanes. He was to proceed through Persia (began from Mesopotamian Campaign through Persian Campaign) to the port of Anzali. On 6 June 1918, Grigory Korganov, People's Commissar of Military and Naval Affairs of the Baku Soviet, issued an order to the Red Army to begin offensive operations against Ganja. Being unable to defend the independence of the country on their own, the government of Azerbaijan asked the Ottoman Empire for military support in accordance with clause 4 of the treaty between the two countries. The Baku Soviet troops looted and killed Muslims as they moved towards Ganja.
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SOCIAL LABELLING Dyson(1980) interviewed a large number of people about their experiences of retirement, and challenged the idea that people see it as a fair exchange. Dyson's respondents saw it as fair for old people in general, but not in their own personal cases. They felt that, for the most part, sosiety had thrown them on the junk heap too early, when they were still perfectly capable of making an active and useful contribution to society. But they did think it was probably fair for other old people, and for old people in general. Dyson's research gave some interesting hints about the emergence of a new perspective on ageing, which developed during the 1980s. This view sees the lower visibility of older people in society as a product of old people are very strong-even though most of us are personally acquainted with individuals who don't fit those stereotypes at all. But it is very difficult for an individual to berak through the social stereotyping and be regarded as an intelligent person with something useful to contribute, because too often they are seen as someone who is old, and therefore useless. Or they think this is how they will be seen, and so they don't bother trying.
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この英文を和訳お願いします。 誤字があったらすみません。 The first describes the family life of people of pensionable age in a working-class borough of East London; the second discusses the chief social problems of old age against the background of family organization and relationships. Concern about the growing number of old people springs partly from an assumption that many of them are isolated from their families and from the community. It is widely believed that the ties of kinships are much less enduring than they once were and that as a consequence the immediate family of parents and unmarried children, of which the individual is a member for only part of his lifetime, has replaced the larger family of three or four generations, of which the individual is a member for the whole of his life, as the fundamental unit of society. Such an assumption is of very great importance and demands careful examination. The first trial interview i had when I started this study was with an old man whose situation suggested the assumption might be right. He was an old widower of seventy-six years of age who lived alone in two rooms on the third floor of a block of tenement flats. His wife had died two years previously and he had no children. He was a very thin, large-boned man with a high-domed forehead and a permanent stoop. His frayed waistcoat and trousers hung in folds. At the time of calling, 5.30 pm, he was having his first meal of the day, a hot-pot of mashed peas and ham washed down with a pint of tea from a large mug. The lining-room was dilapidated, with old black-out curtains covering the windows, crockery placed on newspapers, and piles of old magazines tucked under the chairs. In one corner of the room by an open fireplace (a kitchener) stood a broken meat-safe with scraps of food inside. There was a photo of his wife in her twenties on the mantel-piece tonight with one of a barmaid and a pin-up from a Sunday paper. His wife's coat still hung on a hook on the door and her slippers were tidily placed in the hearth.
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The French Mandate was settled at the San Remo Conference. Comprising the region between the Euphrates River and the Syrian Desert on the east, and the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and extending from the Alma Dagh Mountains on the south to Egypt on the south; Area of territory about 60,000 sq mi (160,000 km2) with a population of about 3,000,000. Lebanon and an enlarged Syria, which were later assigned again under League of Nations Mandate. The region was divided under the French into four governments as follows: Government of Aleppo from the Euphrates region to the Mediterranean; Great Lebanon extending from Tripoli to Palestine; Damascus, including Damascus, Hama, Hems, and the Hauran; and the country of Mount Arisarieh. Faisal ibn Husayn, who had been proclaimed king of Syria by a Syrian National Congress in Damascus in March 1920, was ejected by the French in July of the same year. Kingdom of Hejaz The Kingdom of Hejaz was granted international recognition. Estimated area of 100,000 sq mi (260,000 km2), and population of about 750,000. The biggest cities were the Holy Places of Makka, with a population of 80,000, and Medina, with a population of 40,000. It had constituted the vilayet of Hejaz, but during the war became an independent kingdom under British influence. The terms of the Treaty of Sèvres were far more severe than those imposed on the German Empire by the Treaty of Versailles. France, Italy, and Great Britain had secretly begun the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire as early as 1915. The open negotiations covered a period of more than fifteen months, beginning at the Paris Peace Conference. They continued at the Conference of London, and took definite shape only after the premiers' meeting at the San Remo conference in April 1920. The delay occurred because the powers could not come to an agreement which, in turn, hinged on the outcome of the Turkish national movement. The Treaty of Sèvres was annulled in the course of the Turkish War of Independence, and the parties signed and ratified the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923 and 1924. Not all signatories of the Treaty of Sèvres were parties to the Treaty of Lausanne, nor was there a valid international act of annulment of the Treaty of Sèvres. Therefore, the Treaty of Sèvres remains a valid instrument of international law, although the Lausanne signatories have chosen not to implement it. While the treaty was under discussion, the Turkish national movement under Mustafa Kemal Pasha split with the monarchy based in Constantinople, and set up a Turkish Grand National Assembly in Ankara in April 1920. On 18 October, the government of Damat Ferid Pasha was replaced by a provisional ministry under Ahmed Tevfik Pasha as Grand Vizier, who announced an intention to convoke the Senate with the purpose of ratification of the Treaty, provided that national unity were achieved. This required seeking for cooperation with Mustafa Kemal.
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A blind date is a date for two people who have never met before. Their mutual friends usually arrange the match. With the rise of the Internet, blind dates are becoming more common than before. Through instant messaging and Internet chat forums, people have a chance to meet people. Blind dating is exciting for some people, but it can be a stressful emotional experience for others. This may be mainly due to a lack of self-confidence and the inevitable fear of meeting an unknown. In the United States, people often talk about the experience of their friends. Some people like to gossip a lot. People who like to gossip often talk about individuals they may not know and that can be hurtful, especially if rumors and gossip continue to be shared. This conversation is between two friends about another friend. In this case, the two friends, Amy and Lisa, having the conversation want the information to remain confidential in order to protect this mutual friend, Toshi. At the end of this conversation, the two friends agree to keep their information confidential. "I've got your back" is a phrase used as reassurance between friends. the phrase is used to show confidentiality, solidarity and trust.
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英文の和訳で困っています。 和訳を教えていただきたいです。 よろしくお願いします！！ Some were of Isis and other Egyptian divinities, but there were also statuettes of Dionysus and Venus Anadyomene which point to syncretism of the Isis cult with Graeco-Roman cults connected with fertility and regeneration. In the extreme southeast corner of the court there was a walled enclosure, open to the sky, with a flight of steps which led to an underground vaulted chamber where there was a large bowl set on a pedestal. The main altar was set off-centre, southeast of the temple steps so as not to obstruct the view into the temple from the portico. The plinth was extended on either side of the pronaos to support two small aediculae which must have held other cult statues.
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The ability to own and dispose of property under a rule of law, a notion spawned by the 18th century’s Enlightenment, spread through Europe and North America. It produced new ways to organize society’s pursuit of the industrial means required for people to the Enlightenment, people could barely improve upon their short and miserable lives. Indeed for generation after generation, people tilled the same of land. Material progress was marginal at best. Global life expectancy was 25 year, unchanged for a millennium.
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