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Based upon the general weak formulations, the Galerkin finite element method (GFEM), and the global boundary integral equation (GBIE) which leads to the boundary element method (BEM), can be established (Zhang and Atluri 1986). The Galerkin finite element method, due to its profound roots in generalized variational principles and its ease of use, has found extensive engineering acceptance as well as a commercial market. The typical feature of the finite element method is the sub-domain discretization, and the use of local interpolation functions. 和訳お願いします．序盤のほうで何を確立すると言ってるのか， よみとれません．有限要素法関連の英文です よろしくお願いします．
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- ayumi-1981
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- ayumi-1981
- ベストアンサー率32% (8/25)
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By focusing only on the points, instead of the meshed elements as in the conventional finite element method, the meshless approach possesses certain advantages in handling problems with discontinuities, and in numerical discretization of 3-D problems for which automatic mesh generation is still an art in its infancy. finite element method ： 有限要素法 です．なんかよく分からないです．おねがいします．
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- どなたかこの英文を和訳していただけないでしょうか。
機械論文の一部です。 以下本文 The test was interrupted at certain load levels to observe the crack initiation and propagation processes at the notch root by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS In order to investigate a condition for crack initiation based on the present observations, stress and strain distributions near notch root were analyzed by using the finite element method (FEM). The universal FEM code MARC was utilized for elastic-plastic finite element analysis. An example of finite element model is illustrated in Fig.2. The sizes of three elements beneath notch root were similar, namely 40 μm, which was almost equal to the tungsten particle size, regardless of notch root radius. The plain-strain eight-node isoparametric elements were used. The true stress-true strain relations for the materials A and B were used for the material constitutive equations (Kobayashi et al, 1990). よろしくお願いいたします。
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Terror of the Deep Kronosaurus lived in the seas that covered Australia, but it probably left the water to lay its eggs on land. Its head was seven feet (2m) long and its teeth were as big as bananas! The prime function of a set of teeth like this, says paleontologist Colin McHenry, was to grab and crush its prey. In fact, Kronosaurus was one of the most powerful predators of all time.
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The term crusade is derived from a Middle Latin cruxata, cruciata. The adjective cruciatus had been used in the sense of "marked with a cross" from the 12th century; cruciatus (also cruxatus, croxatus, crucesignatus) was used of crusaders by the mid 13th century, from their practice of attaching a cloth cross symbol to their clothing. Use of cruxata (cruciata) for "crusade, military expedition against enemies of the church" is in use by the 1280s. The French form croisade and Spanish cruzada are recorded by the 16th century. The French form of the word first appears in its historiographical sense in the 17th century[3] and it was adopted into English and German in the 18th century. The Crusades in the Holy Land are traditionally counted as nine distinct campaigns, numbered from the First Crusade of 1095–99 to the Ninth Crusade of 1271/2. This convention is used by Charles Mills in his History of the Crusades for the Recovery and Possession of the Holy Land (1820), and is often retained for convenience, even though it is somewhat arbitrary: The Fifth and Sixth Crusades led by Frederick II may be considered a single campaign, as can the Eight Crusade and Ninth Crusade led by Louis IX.
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The term crusade is derived from a Middle Latin cruxata, cruciata. The adjective cruciatus had been used in the sense of "marked with a cross" from the 12th century; cruciatus (also cruxatus, croxatus, crucesignatus) was used of crusaders by the mid 13th century, from their practice of attaching a cloth cross symbol to their clothing. Use of cruxata (cruciata) for "crusade, military expedition against enemies of the church" is in use by the 1280s. The French form croisade and Spanish cruzada are recorded by the 16th century. The French form of the word first appears in its historiographical sense in the 17th century[3] and it was adopted into English and German in the 18th century. The Crusades in the Holy Land are traditionally counted as nine distinct campaigns, numbered from the First Crusade of 1095–99 to the Ninth Crusade of 1271/2. This convention is used by Charles Mills in his History of the Crusades for the Recovery and Possession of the Holy Land (1820), and is often retained for convenience, even though it is somewhat arbitrary: The Fifth and Sixth Crusades led by Frederick II may be considered a single campaign, as can the Eight Crusade and Ninth Crusade led by Louis IX.
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この英文の和訳をおねがいします。 The conservation movement is a welcome expression of people's desire to limit and control energy consumption: indeed, the vitality of the movement may be a symptom, as much as a cause, of the growing achievement of sufficient energy for personal use in society. 早急におねがいします。
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どなたか和訳していただけませんか？ In December, 1991, the worked was stunned by the Soviet Union’s breakup into fifteen separate countries. The West applauded its collapse as a victory of democracy over totalitarianism, and capitalism over socialism. The US was overjoyed to find its long-standing enemy going down on its knees, that is, the end of the Cold War confrontation, which had lasted since the end of World War II.
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Grain Boundaries Grains in a polycrystalline material are generally in many different orientations. The boundary between the grains-the grain boundary-depends on the misorientation has occurred. There are two special types of grain boundary, illustrated in Fig. 14, which are relatively simple to visualize: the pure tilt boundary and the pure twist boundary. In a tilt boundary the axis of rotation is parallel to the grain-boundary plane. In a twist boundary, the rotation axis is perpendicular to the grain-boundary place. In general, the axis of rotation will not be simply oriented with respect to either the grain or the grain-boundary plane.
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Grain Boundaries Grains in a polycrystalline material are generally in many different orientations. The boundary between the grains-the grain boundary-depends on the misorientation has occurred. There are two special types of grain boundary, illustrated in Fig. 14, which are relatively simple to visualize: the pure tilt boundary and the pure twist boundary. In a tilt boundary the axis of rotation is parallel to the grain-boundary plane. In a twist boundary, the rotation axis is perpendicular to the grain-boundary place. In general, the axis of rotation will not be simply oriented with respect to either the grain or the grain-boundary plane.
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