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米国大学院入試レベル【意味（訳）を教えてください】

すみません。下記の英文の意味を教えてください。 Over and against the view of the sate as the product of a 'contract' among individuals, whose 'rights' exist prior to that contract, and constitute the standard by which at every stage the just claim of society on the indivudual is to be tested, he develops the conception of the individual as himself the product of society, born to an inheritance of rights and of reciprocal duties, and , in the last resort, owing these concrete rights to convention and prescription. また、下記の文法がどうなっているのかもさっぱり分かりません。 constitute the standard by which at every stage the just claim of society on the indivudual is to be tested, every state the just claim of societyの動詞は？ 日々受験勉強しているものです。 すみませんが、よろしくお願いいたします！

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  • Parismadam
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はじめまして。 ご質問１： ＜下記の英文の意味を教えてください。＞ 翻訳の丸投げ依頼は、このサイトで禁止されており削除対象になりますので、簡単に解説だけ致します。訳例を提示いただければ添削はできます。 ご質問１． ＜constitute the standard by which at every stage the just claim of society on the indivudual is to be tested,＞ １．constitueはandの後にありますから、A and BのBにあたるものです。等位接続詞andは同じ働きの語を等位に接続しますから、constituteと同じ働き「動詞」を前文から探せばいいのです。 ２．すると動詞existが見つかりますから、このconstituteはexistと等位に接続されていることがわかります。Existはwhose 'rights'を主語とする関係詞内の動詞ですから、このconsitituteも同じくwhose 'rights'を主語とする関係詞内の動詞ということになります。 ご質問２： ＜every state the just claim of societyの動詞は？＞ １．この区切りはおかしいです。 ２．この関係代名詞の部分を正確に区切ると by which：先行詞the standardを受ける関係代名詞 at every stage：「各段階で」動詞を修飾する副詞句 the just claim of society on the individual：関係詞の中の主語S is：不完全自動詞V to be tested：補語となる形容詞句C つまり、この関係詞の中の文はSVCの第2文型になっています。 これで、ある程度の訳を試みられてから、添削要求を再度ご質問なさって下さい。 以上ご参考までに。

mylovelyal
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補足

Parismadam様 すみません。質問１？？？を回答してくださったようなのですが、どうしてご解答して下さったのでしょうか？whose rights が主語であるということは分かっていました・・・・お時間をとらせてしまって済みませんでした。でも、本当に分かりやすい解説ですね！ 質問２ですが、the just claimとは何なんでしょうか？ ご丁寧な解答本当にありがとうございます！ -------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- 【質問の追伸】 １．constitute the standard by which at every stage the just claim of society on the indivudual is to be tested, ２．born to an inheritance of rights and of reciprocal duties, and , in the last resort, owing these concrete rights to convention and prescription. この箇所の意味がが分からないのです。 日本語訳のまるなげをしているつもりはありません。 ただ意味を聞いているだけです。直訳して欲しいとは記載しておりません。 英語でも日本語でもかまいませんので、分かりやすく説明してくださる方がいらっしゃれば、よろしくお願いいたします。

  1. カテゴリ
  2. 学問・教育
  3. 語学
  4. 英語

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